番茄茎叶提取物对8种植物病原菌的生物活性初步研究

采用6种溶剂对番茄茎叶进行平行提取,以葡萄白腐病菌、葡萄黑痘病菌、苹果腐烂病菌、苹果轮纹病菌、苹果斑点落叶病菌、棉花枯萎病菌、瓜类枯萎病菌和番茄早疫病菌为供试菌,对番茄不同提取液进行抑菌活性测定。结果表明,各溶剂提取液对特定病菌都有极好的抑制作用,对葡萄白腐病菌和苹果腐烂病菌的抑制率均为100%,对其它病菌也都有很好的活性。番茄茎叶的水提取液对供试8种病原菌的综合抑制效果最好,对葡萄白腐病菌、葡萄黑痘病菌和苹果腐烂病菌的抑制作用高达100%,对瓜类枯萎病菌抑菌效果最差也为67.74%。,因此,水应作为番茄茎叶农用抑菌活性物质提取的首选溶剂,石油醚可作为有机溶剂提取番茄茎叶农用抑菌活性物质的溶剂。

A preliminary study on fungistasis of the extracts from tomato stems and leaves

Six kinds of solvents were used to extract the stems and leaves of tomato, and fungistasis effects of different extracts were tested with 8 fungi, i.e.Valsa mali、Physalospora nasei、Alternaria alternata、Coniella diplodiwlla、Elsinoe ampelina、Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum、Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria solani.The results showed that different extracts had notable effect on different fungi tested, but their inhibition rate to C. diplodiwlla and V. mali were all 100%, and to other fungi tested were also significant.The water extracts had the strongest fungistasis effect on all 8 species of fungi, although the highest inhibition rate was achieved in C. diplodiwlla、E. ampelina and V. mali, which is 100%, while the lowest was achieved in F. oxysporum that is 67.74%.So it can be concluded that water is the best solvent, whereas petroleum ether is the best organic solvent for extraction of fungistasis substances from tomato stems and leaves.