西伯利亚杏种实性状地理变异分析

为了了解不同种源西伯利亚杏种实性状地理变异规律,进而为优良繁殖材料的调拨、适宜栽培区和优良种源的选择提供参考依据,以我国西伯利亚杏天然分布区内19个地理种源的西伯利亚杏种实为研究对象,采用方差分析、相关分析等方法分析其种实性状的地理变异情况。结果表明:西伯利亚杏19个种源间种实性状存在丰富的遗传变异。其中,西伯利亚杏百粒核质量和百粒仁质量与其种实形态特征指标间均呈极显著的正相关关系(除百粒核质量与仁厚外);西伯利亚杏杏核越小,其出仁率越高;西伯利亚杏的出仁率随种源地纬度的增加而增加,随种源地海拔的增高而减少;杏仁的厚度与7月均温有着极为显著的正相关关系;西伯利亚杏杏核、杏仁的大小与质量指标和各种源地无霜期的长短均呈显著相关;日照时数越多,西伯利亚杏种仁积累的干物质则越多,其出仁率也就越高。

Geographical variation analysis on Armeniaca sibirica seed characteristics from different provenances

In order to understand some geographical variation rules of seed characteristics in Armeniaca sibirica from different provenances,and to provide some theoretical bases for allocation of fine breeding materials and selection of suitable cultivation areas and fine provenances,using A.sibirica seeds from 19 geographical provenances at natural distribution areas in China,geographic variation status of A.sibirica seed characteristics from different provenances was analyzed by means of variance analysis and correlation analysis.The results showed that A.sibirica seed characteristics from 19 provenances had rich genetic variation.Except 100-stone mass and kernel thickness,morphological characteristic indexes of seeds had very significant positive correlations with 100-stone mass and 100-kernel mass.Smaller A.sibirica stone,and higher kernel rate.Kernel rate in A.sibirica was increased with increase of provenance latitude and was decreased with increase of provenance altitude.Kernel thickness had a very significant positive correlation with mean temperature in July.Size and mass of stone and kernel had significant correlations with frost-free period at provenances.More sunlight time made A.sibirica kernel accumulate more dry materials and have higher kernel rate.