花生主要农艺性状的配合力分析

随机选用3个珍珠豆型和3个普通型花生品种,采用Griffing 双列杂交方法Ⅰ,分析9个农艺性状的配合力.结果表明:(1)主茎高和侧枝长的遗传是加性效应和非加性效应并存,且以加性效应为主;总分枝数和结果枝数的遗传为加性效应和非加性效应并重;饱果数、秕果数和出仁率为加性遗传;单株果重为加性、非加性和正反交效应共同控制;籽仁重也同时受加性、非加性和正反交效应共同控制,但以加性效应为主.(2)远杂9102是一个饱果率高、出仁率高、丰产性好、遗传基础丰富、配合力高的的优良亲本;狮头企等农家品种也有其特殊的利用价值,且作母本更优.(3)以加性遗传或以加性为主遗传的主茎高、侧枝长、饱果数、秕果数和出仁率等性状可在早代开始选择,其它性状可在中高世代进行选择,并讨论了供试亲本的利用价值和后代选择的有关问题.

Studies on combining ability of major agronomic characters in peanut

Six widespread elite peanut parents were used in a Griffing I mating design for the determination of combining ability of agronomic characters. The results showed that both additive and non-additive effects were significant in all nine characters except No.of full pods and blighted pods, and the additive variation was principal in all characters. Yuanza 9102 is a ideal parent, since it is high in full pods, high ratio of seeds to pods and high yield. Other landraces, such as Shitouqi, alao have particular values. Height of main axis, length of primary branch, ratio of seeds to pods and weight of seeds with high sense heritability can be selected at early generation. Pod yield per plant, No. of full pods and No. of total branches were not suitable for early selection. Finally, some issues about the values of parental varieties and offspring selection were discussed.