贵州天保区6种森林类型不同时段土壤肥力状况及持水性能研究

[目的]研究贵州省天保区6种森林类型土壤肥力状况及持水性能。[方法]设置针叶林(人工)、针阔混交林(人工)、常绿阔叶林(天然)、落叶阔叶林(天然)、杂灌林(天然)、竹林(人工)6种不同森林类型的样地,于2006、2009年调查土壤理化性质。[结果]随着时间的推移,pH略有降低;土壤肥力增加主要表现在A层土壤且明显高于B层;土壤化学性状:增加的指标是有机质、阳离子交换量、全氮、全磷、水解氮、速效钾,减少的指标是有效磷、全钾;工程区中各森林类型的土壤肥力呈增加趋势,天然林类型的常绿阔叶林、杂灌林及落叶阔叶林比人工林类型的针叶林、针阔混交林和竹类的土壤肥力明显增高;各森林类型土壤容重降低而孔隙度增高;各森林类型的土壤蓄水能力增高。[结论]该研究为贵州省天保工程的进行提供参考依据。

Study of Soil Fertility and Water Retention Properties of Six Kinds of Forest Types in Different Time of Natural Forest Protection District of Guizhou Province

[Objective] The aim was to study the soil fertility and water retention properties of six kinds of forest types in natural forest protection district of Guizhou Province.[Method] Plots of six kinds of forest types were set up at the same time,the forest soil was investigated and analyzed two times in 2006 and 2009.[Result] pH value was slightly lower;A layer of soil fertility increased significantly higher than the B horizon.Some indicators such as organic matter,cation exchange capacity,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,hydrolysis of nitrogen,potassium were increased,and phosphorus,total potassium two elements was reduced.Soil fertility of six forest types all showed an increasing trend,but the soil fertility of natural fertility was significantly higher than the plantation’s.Soil bulk density was decreased,but porosity was increased.Soil water storage capacity of various forest types were all increased.[Conclusion] it provided a reliable scientific reference for the natural forest protection project in Guizhou Province.