3种硝基芳烃化合物对锦鲤鱼的急性毒性研究

[目的]研究硝基芳烃化合物对锦鲤鱼的急性毒性效应,从而为硝基芳烃化合物的水环境风险评价提供基础数据。[方法]以锦鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)为试验生物,将其暴露于不同浓度的对硝基甲苯、邻硝基苯胺和对硝基苯胺3种化合物试验液体中,分别采用改良寇氏法和概率单位法计算半数致死浓度(LC50),并采用u检验法比较两种计算结果的差异。[结果]通过两种计算方法,所得LC50之间无显著差异,均能表示3种化合物对锦鲤鱼的毒性水平。以两种结果的平均值作为最终LC50。对硝基甲苯、邻硝基苯胺和对硝基苯胺96 h LC50分别为41.43、20.42和49.36 mg/L。[结论]对邻硝基苯胺、对硝基甲苯和对硝基苯胺对锦鲤鱼均属于中等毒性物质,其急性毒性依次降低。

Acute Toxicity of Three Nitroaromatics Compounds toward Cyprinus carpio

[Objective] To determine the acute toxicity of nitroaromatics compounds toward Cyprinus carpio and thus to provide a scientific basis for ecological risk assessment of nitroaromatics compounds.[Method] Cyprinus carpio were exposed to p-nitrotoluene,o-nitroaniline and p-nitroaniline solutions and the median lethal concentration(LC50) was calculated using the probit method and modified Karbers method.The difference in the results of LC50 was compared using the u test.[Result] The results of LC50 were not significantly different between the two calculation methods,and both results could reveal the toxicity level of each toxicant toward Cyprinus carpio.The average LC50 of these two methods was used as the final LC50.The 96 h LC50 of p-nitrotoluene,o-nitroaniline and p-nitroaniline solutions toward Cyprinus carpio was 41.43,20.42 and 49.36 mg/L,respectively.[Conclusion] O-nitroaniline,p-nitrotoluene and p-nitroaniline had moderate acute toxicity toward Cyprinus carpio,and their toxicity was in a decreasing manner.