杂交棉新品种新陆早44号高产群体生理参数研究

目的]研究杂交棉新品种新陆早44号群体生理参数,探索北疆农田生态条件下杂交棉产量形成机理,为制定该品种高产栽培技术规程提供理论依据。方法]以北疆棉区主栽品种新陆早33号为对照品种,田间取样测量叶面积和各器官干重,计算各时期生物产量和主要群体生理参数,研究杂交棉新品种新陆早44号和常规品种主要群体生理参数的差异及对产量形成的影响。结果]新陆早44号和新陆早33号最大叶面积指数(LAImax)在盛铃期达到最大,分别为4.36和4.72,LAI>4的天数分别持续42和28 d;全生育期的总光合势(LAD)分别为2.87×106和2.79×106 m2·d;光合生产率在盛蕾期至初花期达到最大值,分别为20.49、17.78 g/(m2·d);最大生物量积累出现天数和速率分别为84.2 d、27.6 g/(m·d)和85.8 d、26.5 g/(m·d);成熟后,新陆早44号的生物产量和籽棉产量分别为出现早和积累速率高是新陆早44号高产的基础。

Growth Dynamic and Physiological Parameters of Cotton Cultivar Xinluzao 44

Objective] The objective of this study was to explore the mechanism of high yield via analyzing related parameter of cotton cultivars,Xinluzao44,and provided scientific theoretical basis for high-yield cultivation technology.Method] XinLuzao44 and Xinluzao33(CK),dry materials of each organ,LAI,biological accumulation,physiological and ecological parameters associated with yield were determined.The effects of main physiological parameters of different cotton cultivars on mechanism of high yield were studied.Result] The results showed that for Xinluzao44 and Xinluzao33,the highest leaf area index reached 4.36 and 4.72 respectively.The green duration of leaf weight(LAI> 2) was 42 d and 28 d.Total leaf area duration(LAD) at growing season was 2.87 ×106 m2·d and 2.79 ×106 m2·d.Photosynthetic productivity reached maximum 20.49、17.78 g(m2·d) at flower-beginning-peak budding stage.The time of the fastest accumulation was 84.2、85.8 days after emergence,and maximum accumulation rate reached 27.6 g/(m·d)a 26.5 g/(m·d).Total biological accumulation and yield of Xinluzao44 were 5 932.35 kg/hm2 and 14 370 kg/hm2,CK were 14 332.1 kg/hm2、5 090.69 kg/hm2.Conclusion] The duration of maximum LAI of Xinluzao44 was longer than CK,and maximum accumulation rate of total LAD at growing season was high.The time of the fastest accumulation was early,and high accumulation rate was the basis of high yielding.