不同施肥方案对露地和盆栽桑树根围土壤微生物的影响

土壤中的微生物对土壤肥力的维持与提高有重要作用,而土壤施肥方案又影响微生物种类与数量。采用常规的土壤微生物分离培养技术,分别测定露地和盆栽桑树按3 000 kg/hm2有机-无机桑树专用复混肥(TA)、3 750 kg/hm2有机-无机桑树专用复混肥(TB)、与TA等氮的尿素(TC)、与TA等氮磷钾的复合肥(TD)4种方案施肥后根围土壤微生物的数量,并对微生物的多样性指数进行分析。施肥处理前,露地和盆栽桑树根围微生物中的细菌约占95%左右。TB施肥方案处理的露地和盆栽桑树在施肥后10、40、90 d,根围细菌数量均高于其它施肥方案处理,且在施肥后90 d根围放线菌和解磷细菌数量高于其它处理,但露地桑树根围真菌数量低于其它处理。露地桑树按TA和TB施肥方案处理的根围细菌多样性随施肥后时间呈升高趋势,而按TC和TD施肥方案处理后则呈降低趋势,施肥后90 d,TA、TB施肥方案处理的露地和盆栽桑树根围细菌多样性指数均高于TC、TD处理;盆栽桑树TA和TB 2种施肥方案处理在施肥后10 d,TC和TD 2种施肥方案处理在施肥后90 d,根围细菌多样性指数最低,且各处理区细菌均匀度指数均于施肥后10 d最低。试验结果表明,有机肥的施用能显著提高桑树根围细菌的数量与多样性。

Effect of Different Fertilization Schemes on Root-zone Soil Microorganisms of Mulberry Trees Grown in Field and in Pot

Soil microorganisms play an important role in maintaining and improving soil fertility,while fertilizing management leads to variation of soil microorganisms in both species and quantities.In present study,root-zone microorganisms of mulberry trees grown in filed and in pot under four fertilization schemes,namely 3 000 kg/hm2 of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer specially for mulberry(TA),3 750 kg/hm2 of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer specially for mulberry(TB),urea of the same nitrogen quantity ...