基于GIS的三江源地区物种多样性保护优先性分析

根据我们的多次科考调查和青海省对野生动物的调查结果等有关资料图件,对三江源地区的物种多样性和人类干扰因素等进行了分析和评估。选择9种鸟类、15种哺乳动物、20种植物作为本研究的指示物种,利用GIS制作了主要的珍稀濒危野生动植物分布图。选择放牧、人口、居民点、公路等因素作为生物多样性的主要干扰因素,制作出三江源地区干扰强度空间分布图。然后根据物种的丰富度和特有性、脆弱性和干扰程度等指标分析了三江源地区物种多样性保护优先性地区,做出了物种多样性保护优先地区空间分布图。

Assessment of the Priorities of Species Diversity Conservation in Sanjiangyuan Region By GIS

Identifying high priority areas for biodiversity conservation has been becoming a major endeavor for conservation biologists. Areas with high species richness, high concentration of endemic and endangered species and severe human disturbance have been considered as priorities for biodiversity conservation. Essential actions should be taken to avoid destroying the ecological environment in these areas during the process of economic development. Data of species richness, national protected birds, mammals and plants, and human disturbance were used to determine priority areas for biodiversity conservation. Firstly a series of distribution maps of rare and endangered birds, mammals and plants were produced by intersecting species habitat and its distribution county according to a systematic sampling survey method from 1996 to 1999 in Sanjiangyuan Region. A priority map for species diversity conservation was produced by the overlay of rare and endangered species of distribution maps based on an algorithm. Secondly, human disturbance degrees map was produced by the overlay of the maps of graze density, population density, residential area and road scale. Finally, a priority map for biodiversity conservation was produced by the overlay of above maps. A biodiversity information system of Sanjiangyuan Region was established based on GIS. The results from assessing priorities in Sanjiangyuan Region by GIS will be useful for biodiversity conservation, ecosystem management and further laying out.