免耕播种智能化关键技术研究现状与发展

近年来，免耕播种机具的发展创新推动了中国保护性耕作技术的快速进步。随着精准农业和测控技术的发展，对行避茬、播量和播深监测控制等技术的研究应用使得免耕播种机具的智能化程度不断提升。本文以免耕播种为例，介绍了机械触觉技术、机器视觉技术以及现代控制方法在免耕播种对行避茬技术中的研究现状，阐述了红外检测技术、电容检测技术和图像检测技术在免耕播种播量监测中的应用现状，介绍了主动和被动2种调节方式在免耕播种播深监测中的研究现状，并从导航融合、算法和传感器研究等方面对未来免耕播种智能化发展方向进行了展望。

Research status and development of key technologies for no-tillage seeding intellectualization

In recent years, the development and innovation of no-tillage seeding machines have promoted the rapid progress of conservation tillage technology in China. With the development of precision agriculture and control technology, the research and application of row stubble avoidance, seeding rate and seeding depth monitoring and control technology have improved the intelligence of no-tillage seeding machines. Taking no-tillage seeding as an example, this paper introduces the research status of mechanical tactile technology, machine vision technology and modern control methods in no-tillage seeding row-follow stubble avoidance technology, expounds the application status of infrared detection technology, capacitance detection technology and image detection technology in no-tillage seeding rate monitoring, and introduces the research status of active and passive adjustment methods in no-tillage seeding depth monitoring. The future development direction of no-tillage seeding intelligence is prospected from the aspects of navigation fusion, algorithm and sensor research.