热带森林与次生林经营研究

文章综述了世界热带地区的森林资源分布、基本类型、主要特征,以及世界次生林的经营现状和主要经营方式。这些经营方式包括建立自然保护区、生态公益林经营、"采掘主义"、限制采伐和伐后更新、"砍三留七"法、"扶持"式育林法、"抑制"式育林法、整体培育法、专门培育法、带状皆伐法、开发欠知名树种、自然更新和封山育林。同时提出了森林分类经营,即按照经营的主要目的将其划分为商品林、公益林和多功能林等基本类型的方法。此外,分析了热带次生林存在的问题,并提出解决这些问题的措施。

The Study on the Tropical Forests and the Management of Secondary Forests

Accounting for 31% of total tropical forest area in the world(FAO,1996),has received considerable attention by international societies.The study were conducted by Guangdong Academy of Forestry and Chinese Academy of Forestry under the support of International Tropical Timber Organization(ITTO),it aims at improving the ecological and economic benefits by the management of the tropical secondary forests.This serial reports include: "The Studies on Tropical Forestry and the Management of Secondary Forests","The Summarizing on the Studies of the Management of Secondary Forests in Tropical Region","The Studies on Tropical Forests and the Management of Secondary Forests in China",and the reports base on the studies of the management of secondary forests aim at improving ecological and economic benefits.This paper discussed the distribution of forest resources in the tropics,their main types,main characteristics and present management status,and proposed twelve management modes,and these modes include establishing nature conservation region,eco-public-benefit forest management,extravisme,limiting logging and regeneration after logging,logging three and remaining seven method,tropical shelterwood system,sylviculture douce,whole cultivation method,specialized cultivation method,strip clearcutting method,developing tree species of lacking noted and nature regeneration,closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation.Moreover,forest classification management,namely implementing management by dividing secondary forests into commercial forest,public-benefit forest and multi-function forest according to main purpose of management,was suggested.The problems of tropical secondary forest were analyzed and some measures solving the problems were recommended.