成都市区淡水浮游动物多样性初步调查

为了研究成都市区浮游动物群落多样性,对成都市区内主要河流及公园湖泊的浮游动物进行了调查。共鉴定到浮游动物18属25种,群落组成以轮虫为主,群落密度变动范围在70～260 ind.L-1,生物量在0.036～1.016 mg.L-1之间,表明成都市区水体处于贫营养状态。Shannon多样性指数(H)变化范围为2.61>H>0.84,Margalef丰富度指数(D)为2.88>D>0.44,表明成都市区河流水体为中度污染到重度污染。不同采样点比较显示,随着河流进入人口密集的市中心区域,浮游动物群落受影响程度增大,流出城市后,所受的影响降低至入城之前的水平。因此,城市湖泊的人为管理会对湖泊中浮游动物群落产生影响;城市建筑施工向河流倾倒建筑垃圾,会对水中浮游动物群落产生严重影响。

Investigation of Zooplankton in Chengdu City

In November 2010,investigations were made on the zooplankton in mainstream of river and lakes in Chengdu City.A total of 25 species were identified,including 15 Rotifera(60 %),4 Cladocera(16 %),3 Copepoda and 3 Protozoa(12 % respectively).The dominant species were Branchionus calyciflorus,Asplanchna girodi,Asplanchna priodonta and Euchlanis pellucid.In the seven sampling sites,the zooplankton’s average abundance ranged from 70 to 260 ind.·L-1,and the biomass ranged from 0.036 to 1.016 mg·L-1.In addition,Shannon index(H) ranged from 0.84 to 2.61,Margalef index from 0.44 to 2.88,which showed that river in Chengdu city was Moderately or heavily polluted.One-way ANOVA indicated that zooplankton community density,the biomass and community diversities were significantly different among sampling sites.Further comparing results revealed the zooplankton community was influenced more when the river went through civic centre,but it recovered when the river passed downtown,labor management could change the zooplankton community of a lake in the public garden,and that building site would be a grave threat to zooplankton when it poured construction waste out into river.