10个山羊品种线粒体DNA的遗传多态性研究

本文用PCR-SSCP分析了来自我国9个省和自治区的9个品种和一个国外品种安哥拉山羊,共计465个个体的线粒体DNA编码区变异情况,然后根据PCR-SSCP的结果挑选出118个个体进行D–Loop第一高变区测序,然后截取测定序列的481bp进行分析,通过这些序列分析来揭示10个山羊品种的系统发育关系。系统建树显示10个山羊品种很明显的分成了4个支系A、B、C 和 D,我们又对所有样本进行分子差异等级分析（AMOVA）,品种内的方差组分占77.77%,表明10个山羊品种间没有出现显著的遗传分化,品种间表现弱的遗传结构。通过对118条序列进行歧点分布分析,得出整个山羊群体曾经历过2次群体扩张事件。

Study on Mitochondrial diversity of 10 Goats breeds

PCR-SSCP were used to analyzed the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) encode region variation of 465 individuals of 9 native goat breeds from 9 provinces and autonomous region in China and 1 foreign breed Angora goat. Accoding to the result of PCR-SSCP,we sequenced the mitochondrial hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) of 118 individuals. The analysis of these sequences reveals the goat breed were classified into four distinct lineages A, B, C and D, The fixation index (Fst =77.77%) suggested that most of the total genetic variation was due to variation within populations,and revealed a weak phylogeographical structure in the goat breeds. Mismatch distribution analysis showed that 2 population expansion happened among goat population.