常规棉与杂交棉各器官干物质积累及产量构成差异特征

【目的】研究常规棉与杂交棉在生长过程中棉花干物质积累与其分配规律的影响关系。【方法】选用6个棉花品种作为材料,其中2个大田推广常规棉花品种分别为新陆中38号、J206-5,4个F₂代杂交棉,分别是18-1883、18-1887、H602、H628,在新疆南疆阿拉尔垦区种植,相同种植密度(1.4×10⁴株/667m²)下,高产栽培管理,分析不同器官干物质积累及其与产量的关系。【结果】常规棉品种单株干物质积累总量新陆中38号(149.09 g)＞J206-5(127.44 g),F₂代杂交棉单株干物质积累总量为H602(158.71 g)＞18-1883(148.26 g)＞H628(143.56 g)＞18-1887(130.69 g);RAR值(生殖器官与营养器官干物质比值)常规棉品种新陆中38号(0.334)＞J206-5(0.328),F₂代杂交棉18-1887(0.40)＞H628(0.35)＞18-1883(0.32)＞H602(0.30);常规棉品种的平均单株皮棉产量新陆中38号(22.86 g)＞J206-5(20.27 g),F₂代杂交棉的小区皮棉产量H628(27.83 g)＞H602(24.94 g)＞18-1883(21.66 g)＞18-1887(19.33 g)。【结论】F₂代杂交棉H602、H628单株干物质积累总量、产量构成因素等指标最好。在相同种植条件下,F₂代杂交棉H628更适合在南疆阿拉尔垦区种植。

Differences in Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Components between Conventional Cotton and Hybrid Cotton

【Objective】 To explore the relationship between the dry matter accumulation of cotton and its distribution law between conventional cotton and hybrid cotton in the process of growth in the hope of providing certain guidance for production practice.【Method】Six cotton varieties were selected as experimental materials, and conventional cotton varieties, namely Xinluzhong 38, J206-5, and four F₂ hybrid cottons, namely 18-1883, 18-1887, H602, H628 were promoted in the two fields. They were planted in the Alar region of southern Xinjiang, with the same planting density (14,000 plants/667 m²), and we carried out high-yield cultivation management to study the accumulation of dry matter in different organs and its relationship with their yields.【Result】The total dry matter accumulation of conventional cotton varieties of Xinluzhong 38 was 149.09 g, which was higher than that of J206-5 (127.44 g), and the total dry matter accumulation of F₂ hybrid cotton was H602(158.71 g) >18-1883 (148.26 g)>H628(143.56 g)>18-1887(130.69 g); RAR value (ratio of dry matter of reproductive organs and vegetative organs) was represented by conventional cotton variety Xinluzhong No.38 (0.334)>J206-5(0.328 ), F₂ hybrid cotton 18-1887 (0.40)>H628(0.35)>18-1883(0.32)>H602(0.30); the average yield of single cotton lint of conventional cotton varieties was Xinluzhong No.38 (22.86 g) >J206-5 (20.27 g), the yield of lint cotton in F₂ hybrid cotton was H628 (27.83 g) > H602 (24.94 g) > 18-1883 (21.66 g) > 18-1887 (19.33 g). Based on the above analysis, it was concluded that the total dry matter accumulation and yield components of F₂ hybrid cotton H602 and H628 were the best.【Conclusion】According to the test results, it can be concluded that under the same planting conditions, F₂ hybrid cotton H628 is more suitable for planting in the Alar region of southern Xinjiang.