26份自交系田间抗旱性鉴定与评价

【目的】分析26份玉米自交系的主要农艺性状、籽粒产量、耐旱指数、耐旱系数等性状相关性,进行耐旱性综合性评价。【方法】采用玉米种质耐旱指数法。【结果】玉米开花期,遭遇大气高温和土壤缺水会导致玉米花粉活力下降,受精结实不良,减产严重。各主要性状与籽粒产量的相关系数大小为耐旱指数＞穗位＞穗长＞ASI＞行粒数＞秃尖长＞穗行数。其中耐旱指数、穗位、穗长、株高、ASI值、行粒数等籽粒产量正相关;秃尖长等与籽粒产量负相关。【结论】26份自交系中耐旱强的自交系共11份(42.31%),耐旱性中等的7份(26.92%);耐旱性较弱的材料8份(30.77%)。

Drought Tolerance Identification and Evaluation of 26Maize Inbred Lines under Natural Drought Condition in Xinjiang

【Objective】 The main agronomic characters, grain yield, drought tolerance index and drought tolerance coefficient of 26 maize inbred lines in common use in China were analyzed by drought tolerance index method. 【Result】 The results showed that high temperature in the atmosphere and soil water shortage during the flowering period of maize would lead to decreased pollen viability, poor fertilization and seed setting, and serious yield reduction. Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between main traits and grain yield was drought tolerance index > panicle length > ASI > line grain number > bald tip length > panicle line number. Among them, drought tolerance index, panicle position, panicle length, plant height, ASI value and row grain number were positively correlated with grain yield. Bald tip length was negatively correlated with grain yield. Among the 26 inbred lines, 11 inbred lines with strong drought tolerance accounted for 42.31%. 7 of them had medium drought tolerance, and 26.92% of them had medium drought tolerance. Eight materials with poor drought tolerance accounted for 30.77%.