Logistic方程拟合新疆春小麦灌浆动态

【目的】 研究新疆主栽春小麦品种籽粒灌浆基因型差异。【方法】 用 Logistic方程拟合籽粒生长动态,对该方程求一阶导数,可得籽粒生长速率方程,求得新疆主栽春小麦品种籽粒灌浆主要特征值。【结果】 9个品种籽粒干物质量积累的动态变化呈现"S"型曲线,即动态由慢-快-慢的增长过程。参试品种最终籽粒干物质量整体表现为(23.2±2.87) g/10穗;取样期籽粒干物质量的动态增长量:初花期后14~19 d达到最高,初花期后31~37 d籽粒干物质增长量最低;测算参试品种理论K值整体表现为(24.08±3.12) g/10穗;快速灌浆期整体表现为:初花期后12.60 d进入快速灌浆起始期,初花期后24.94 d到达快速灌浆终止期,灌浆快增期持续天数为12.34 d,到快速灌浆期终止期,籽粒干物质量积累贡献率达到83.56%±7.06%;最大相对灌浆速率(Vm)的整体表现为:(1.40±0.45) g/10穗/d。【结论】 近年来审定的春小麦新品种籽粒灌浆干物质量呈现逐渐增加的趋势,即穗粒重上升趋势;初花期后0~25 d是新疆春小麦籽粒灌浆的关键时期,也是充分利用水肥调配等农艺措施获得高穗粒重的重要时期;新春38号、新春44号、新春6号和新春40号四个品种具有高穗粒重潜力;新春39号、新春6号和新春37号籽粒灌浆快增期短,属相对灌浆速度较快品种,其中新春6号理论k值较高且相对灌浆速度较快,属强势籽粒灌浆品种。

Studies on Grain Filling Dynamics of Spring Wheat in Xinjiang by Logistic Equation Fitting

【Objective】 To study the difference of grain filling genotypes of major spring wheat varieties in Xinjiang. 【Method】 Logistic equation was used to fit the grain growth dynamics, and the first derivative of the equation was calculated to obtain the grain growth rate equation, and the main characteristic values of grain filling of major spring wheat varieties in Xinjiang were obtained. 【Result】 The dynamic changes of dry matter accumulation in 9 varieties showed an "S" curve, i.e. the dynamic growth process began from slow to fast and back to slow process. The total dry matter quality of the tested varieties was (23.2±2.87) g/10 spike. The dynamic increase of grain dry matter quality at sampling stage was the highest at 14 and 19 days after the first florescence stage, and the lowest at 31 and 37 days after the initial florescence stage;The theoretical K value of the tested varieties was estimated to be (24.08±3.12) g/10 panicles. The overall performance of the rapid grain filling period was as follows: it entered the initial stage of rapid grain filling 12.60 days after the initial florescence, reached the termination stage of rapid grain- filling 24.94 days after the initial florescence, the duration of the rapid grain filling period was 12.34 days, and the contribution rate of grain dry matter accumulation reached 83.56%±7.06% in the termination stage of rapid grain filling. The overall performance of the maximum relative grain -filling rate (Vm) was (1.40±0.45) g/10 panicle/d. 12.60 days after the initial flowering period entered the starting stage of rapid filling. 【Conclusions 】 In recent years, the grain filling dry matter quality of new spring wheat varieties approved in recent years showed a trend of increasing gradually, namely, the rising trend of grain weight per panicle increased. The 0-25 days after the initial flowering stage was the key period for grain filling of spring wheat in Xinjiang, and it was an important period to make full use of agricultural measures such as water and fertilizer allocation to obtain high panicle grain weight. The four varieties Xinchun 38, Xinchun 44, Xinchun 6 and Xinchun 40 had the potential of high grain weight. Xinchun 39, Xinchun 6 and Xinchun 37 had short grain filling periods and belonged to varieties with relatively faster filling speed. Among them, Xinchu 6 was a strong grain filling variety with higher theoretical K value and relatively faster filling speed.