磁化次数及磁化灌溉量对棉花生长发育及其产量的影响

【目的】研究磁化次数及磁化灌溉量对棉花生长发育及其产量的影响,为新疆南疆地区发展节水型集约可持续农业提供理论和实践支撑。【方法】2017年定期观测棉花株高、叶面积等生长指标的,在T0(CK不磁化)、T1(一次磁化)、T2(二次磁化)处理中筛选出最优处理。2018年在二次磁化处理下设置不同灌溉定额(T1、T2、T3、T4、T5),综合对比棉花的各个生长发育指标及磁化灌溉水利用效率,筛选出最佳灌溉定额。【结果】T2(二次磁化)处理下的棉株表现均优于T1(一次磁化)、T0(CK 不磁化)处理的棉株,且产量达到最高,较对照增产22.3%;当二次磁化的灌溉定额达到3 360 m³/hm²时,棉花的农艺性状、产量性状均达到最大值,干物质积累量和灌溉水利用效率最高。【结论】当灌溉水经过二次磁化处理且灌溉定额达到3 360 m³/hm²时,棉株的农艺性状、产量性状、干物质积累量等均有较大幅度的提升,促使棉田获得高产,且达到节水灌溉。

Effects of Magnetization Times and Magnetized Irrigation on Growth,Yield and Quality of Cotton

【Objective】 The main purpose of this project is to increase cotton yield. 【Method】 In 2017, the optimum treatments were selected from T0 (CK non-magnetization), T1 (primary magnetization) and T2 (secondary magnetization) treatments through regular observation of cotton plant height, leaf area and other growth indicators. In 2018, different irrigation quotas (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) were set up under the secondary magnetization treatment. The optimum irrigation quota was screened out by comparing the growth and development indexes of cotton and the water use efficiency of magnetized irrigation. 【Result】The results showed that the performance of cotton plants treated with T2 (secondary magnetization) was better than those treated with T1 (primary magnetization) and T0 (CK non-magnetization), and the yield of cotton was the highest, which was increased by 22.3% compared with the control. When the irrigation quota of secondary magnetization reached 3,360 m³/hm², the agronomic and yield traits of cotton reached the maximum value. At the same time, dry matter accumulation and irrigation water use efficiency were the highest. 【Conclusion】 The agronomic traits, yield traits and dry matter accumulation of cotton plants were greatly improved when the irrigation water was magnetized twice and the irrigation quota was 3,360 m³/hm², which not only promoted the high yield of cotton fields, but also achieved the goal of water-saving irrigation. At the same time, it provides theoretical and practical support for the development of water-saving intensive sustainable agriculture in southern Xinjiang.