施用小麦秸秆炭对灌耕风沙土土壤养分含量及玉米产量的影响

【目的】研究生物炭对灌耕风沙土改良效果。【方法】以灌耕风沙土为供试土壤,小麦秸秆炭为供试材料,采用田间定位试验,设置4个处理,分别为(1)不施炭(CK);(2)67.5 t/hm²生物炭;(3)112.5 t/hm²生物炭;(4)225.0 t/hm²生物炭。玉米生长后期测定产量,采集土壤分析相关养分指标。【结果】0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层,与对照相比,施用小麦秸秆炭对灌耕风沙土土壤pH值影响不明显。与对照相比,施用小麦秸秆炭能够显著增加灌耕风沙土土壤全氮、有机质、速效氮及速效钾含量,在0~20 cm土层分别增加了14.5%～29.6%,、48.9%～89.5%、28.7%～93.5%、6.9%～31.3%。在20~40 cm土层分别增加了38.1%～56.0%、24.9%～40.1%、30.8%～68.1%、15.6%～45.2%。施用小麦秸秆炭处理能够明显增加玉米产量,增产了28.7%～49.2%。【结论】施用小麦秸秆炭能够提高灌耕风沙土的土壤肥力,增加作物产量。

Effects of Wheat Biochar on Soil Nutrition Content and Corn Yield of Irrigation Wind-Sandy Soil

【Objective】 This project aims to study the effect of biochar on the improvement of irrigated wind-sandy soil,which might be of great practical significance to the agriculture of biological carbon. 【Method】Experimental soil was the irrigation sandy soil, and experimental material was the wheat biochar. The fixed field experiment included four treatments: 0, 67.5, 112.5, and 225.0 t/hm². Corn yield was determined in the late growth stage of corn. The soil was collected, and relevant nutrient indicators were analyzed. 【Result】The results of seven years experiment showed that, compared to the control, application of wheat biochar had no obvious effect on pH value in the irrigation sandy soil of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layer. Application of wheat biochar significantly increased the contents of total N, organic matter, available N, and available K. This method increased respectively by 14.5%～29.6%, 48.9%～89.5%, 28.7%～93.5%, and 6.9%～31.3% in the 0-20 cm soil layer., and increased respectively by 38.1%～56.0%, 24.9%～40.1%, 30.8%～68.1%, and 15.6%～45.2% in the 20-40 cm soil layer. Application of wheat biochar could increase significantly corn yield by 28.7%～49.2%. 【Conclusion】Application of biochar in the irrigation sandy soil could increase soil fertility, thus increasing the crop yield.