甘肃中部引黄灌区土壤盐分对几种作物生长的影响

在甘肃中部引黄灌区盐碱地上,对小麦、大麦、玉米、胡麻、油葵等5种作物的耐盐能力进行了定点观测调查,对土壤盐分进行了化验分析。结果表明:大麦的耐盐能力最强,在土壤表层全盐含量为6.0~10.0 g/kg时,抑制程度为轻度或中度,产量为2 070~5 595 kg/km2;全盐含量达10.0 g/kg以上时,才受到严重抑制作用。油葵耐盐能力次之,当土壤表层全盐含量3.0~6.0 g/kg时,对生长有轻度或中度抑制作用,全盐含量达0.8 g/kg以上时,抑制程度重,产量低或无产量。胡麻、玉米、小麦耐盐能力差,当土壤表层全盐含量达3.0~5.0 g/kg时,抑制程度为轻度或中度,全盐含量达5.0~8.0 g/kg时,虽有部分植株存活,但基本无产量。

Effect of soil salinity on several crops in Yellow River irrigating area in central Gansu

We observed and surveyed the salt-resistant ability of five crops including wheat, barley, corn, flax and oil sunflower in saline-alkali land and soil salinity in Yellow River irrigating area of cnetral Gansu. The results showed that the salt-resistant ability of barley was the highest. When soil surface salinity was 6.0- 10.0 g/kg, barley was restrained lightly or less strongly and the yield was 2 070 kg/hm^2. When soil surface salinity got over 10.0 g/kg,the growth of barley was restrained seriously, The salt-resistant ability of oil sunflower took second place. When soil surface salinity was 3. 0 - 6. 0 g/kg, the growth of oil sunflower was restrained lightly or less strongly. When soil surface salinity got over 8.0 g/kg,its growth was affected seriously and oil sunflowev had low or no yield. The salt-resistant ability of wheat, flax and corn was poor. When soil surface salinity was 3.0-5.0 g/kg, strained degree to their growth was light or less strong. When soil surface salinity got 5.0-8.0 g/kg,although some plant could survive, they had almost no yield .