番茄大孢子发生及其胚囊发育的细胞学观察

本文首次对番茄大孢子的发生和胚羹发育的细胞学过程进行了较系统的研究。结果表明，番茄为弯生胚珠，同一子房内数以百计的胚珠着生于同一中轴胎座上。大孢子和胚囊发育的类型为单孢子胚羹，薯型。其主要特点在于，由大孢子母细胞经过减数分裂形成的单倍体的四分孢子呈直线排列，然而只有靠近合点端一个最后发育成大孢子，其余三个相继退化。大孢子经过３次连续的有丝分裂，形成一个含有８个单倍体细胞核的胚囊。即雌配子体，经过进一步发育，番茄的成熟的雌配子体包括：１个卵细胞，２个助细胞，３个反足细胞和一个具有２个极核的中心细胞。

A Cytological Observation in the Megasporogenesis and The Embronary Sac Development in Tomato(L.Esculentum)

he ovule in tomato(L.esculentum Mill.)were the kind of campylotropous-nas and hundreds of them were growing in a same ovary,The megasporogenesis and the development of embryo sac were belonged to the category of polygonum in a monosporic embryo sac.the specificatiom of that is the haploid tetrad from the meiosis of macrospore mother cell lined straightly,but ouly the tap one near micropyle can develope into the megaspore and other three cells degenerated.After successive mitoses for 3 times,the megaspore shaped into the embryo sac,the riped female gametophyte.There were 8 cells in it:one egg cell,2 assistant cells,3 antipodal cells and one central cell with 2 polar nucleus.