茄子主要早熟相关性状研究

生产实践中评价茄子早熟性的主要指标是前期产量。为探究茄子早熟相关性状，进而辅助早熟育种，2012—2014年对总计138个紫圆茄杂交组合的主要农艺性状进行相关分析，并于2013、2014年对主要前期产量相关性状进行通径分析。3年相关分析结果显示，单株结果数和单果重与单株前期产量极显著相关，而始花节位与单株前期产量的相关性表现没有规律性，存在极限效应。2014年单株结果数和单果重对单株前期产量的直接通径系数分别为1.2073和0.7935，说明对单株前期产量有显著正向效应。因此选育早熟茄子品种首要的是提高单株结果数，在保证品质的同时选择大果且肉质紧密类型，不要过分依赖始花节位。

Study on Major Early Maturity Characters of Eggplant

Early yield is the main character for evaluating early maturity of eggplant in agricultural production. This study aims to explore early maturing related characters of eggplant, thus to assist early maturing breeding. 138 cross combinations of purple round eggplant were used as materials for the correlation and path analysis of main characters that formed the early yield of eggplant in 2012, 2013 and 2014. The results showed that the early yield per plant had extremely significant relationship with the fruit number and the fruit weight. However the first flower nod had limited effect and showed no steady correlation with the early yield per plant. The path coefficients of the fruit number and the fruit weight to the early yield per plant in 2014 were 1.2073 and 0.7935, which showed that the fruit number and the fruit weight were main factors that directly influenced the early yield per plant. So the fruit number and big fruit with intense flesh rather than the first flower nod could be major characters for breeding new eggplant cultivars with high early yield.