母体效应对长白猪生长性状的影响

本文旨在研究母体效应对长白猪生长性状遗传参数和育种值估计的影响。以温氏长白种猪W51为研究对象，选取初生重、达到30 kg体重日龄和达到100 kg体重日龄3个与生长性能相关的数量性状，利用包含和不包含母体效应的2种数学模型进行遗传参数和育种值估计。结果表明使用包含母体效应的模型对生长性状的解释更加合理。当模型中不包含母体效应时，遗传力的估计值明显偏高，育种值估计偏离也较大。随着猪只日龄的增加，母体效应方差所占比重逐渐下降，而直接加性遗传方差的比重逐渐上升，说明母体效应对猪生长后期的影响在逐渐变小。在建立动物生长性状模型时，需要考虑母体效应对遗传参数和育种值估计的影响。

The influence of maternal effects on growth traits of Landrace pigs

This paper was aimed to study the influence of maternal effect on estimation of genetic parameters and breeding values for growth traits in Landrace pigs. Landrace W51-line pigs were used as materials. Three quantitative traits related with growth performances, birth weight, age to reach 30 and 100 kg were chosen. Two models including or ignoring maternal effect were used to estimate genetic parameters and breeding values. Results showed that the model including maternal effect was more reasonable to explain the growth traits. Heritability estimates were inflated obviously and estimated breeding values were deviated more seriously using the model ignoring maternal effect. With increasing ages, the proportion of maternal variances gradually decreased but directive additive genetic variances increased, indicating that the influence of maternal effect became smaller in the later growth stage of pigs. It is necessary to consider the influence of maternal effects on estimating genetic parameters and breeding values for building animal growth trait models.