基于LS-DYNA汽车前防撞梁仿真分析及其结构优化

为了满足某汽车前防撞梁轻量化的需求,采用比强度高的碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料(CFRP)作为主要减重方式;同时为了提高其耐撞性能,进而对其结构设计优化,使得碰撞性能符合国家标准。在保证原有防撞梁的连接方式、整体尺寸不变的前提下,依据等刚度设计方法初步确定CFRP防撞梁的截面厚度。考虑碳纤维复合材料成本、制造工艺的可行性、连接方式等因素,提出三种结构优化方案。按照国家低速正面碰撞规范,通过LS-DYNA软件对其进行低速碰撞仿真,根据仿真结果确定耐撞性能最好的方案。与原钢制保险钢相比,质量减少了74.07%,降低了材料成本,且制造工艺易实现。

Simulation Analysis and Structural Optimization of Automobile Front Anti-collision Beam Based on LS-DYNA

In order to meet the lightweight requirements of the front anti-collision beam of an automobile,carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite(CFRP)with high specific strength is used as the main weight reduction method.Meanwhile,in order to improve its crashworthiness,the structural design is optimized to make the collision performance meet the national standards.On the premise that the connection mode and overall size of the original anti-collision beam remain unchanged,the section thickness of CFRP anti-collision beam is preliminarily determined according to the equal stiffness design method,and three structural optimization schemes are proposed considering the cost of carbon fiber composite,the feasibility of manufacturing technology and the connection mode.According to the national low-speed frontal impact specification,the LS-DYNA software is used to simulate the low-speed impact.The simulation results show that the second scheme has the best crashworthiness,which can reduce the weight by 74.07%compared with the original steel,which can reduce the material cost and realize the manufacturing process easily.