天山森林凋落物和枯枝落时层的研究

通过１９９２－１９９５年的定位试验，对天山森林凋落物和枯枝落叶的主要性质进行了研究。结果表明，天山森林生态系统中养分运转具有独特性：（１）森林年凋落量较低，为２．１ｔ／ｈｍ＾２凋落物的季节动态变化呈单蜂型；（２）以凋落物形式的养分年归还量为Ｃａ〉Ｎ〉Ｋ〉Ｐ。在凋落之前，大部分Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ被转移，Ｋ的转移量最大，而Ｃａ则相对富集，归还量最小；（３）枯枝落叶层中养分贮量和蓄水量高，但有机物质分解率较低；

A STUDY ON LITTER AND FOREST FLOOR IN TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS

The main properties of litter and forest floor in Tianshan mountains were determined in a location test during 1992-1995. The results showed that the movement of nutrients in Tianshan forest ecosystem had its special circumstances: (1) Forest litterfall was lower (2.1 t/hm²) and its seasonal changes belonged to the single-peak type. (2) The sequence of nutrients returned in form of litter was Ca>N>K>P. Before falling, most of N, P, K was transfered, and the transfered amount of K was the greatest However, Ca was rich in litter, and it had the greatest amount of return. (3) The nutrient reserves and water storage capacity of forest floor were higher, but the rate of decomposition of organic matter was lower. (4) The sequence of leaching loss from forest floor was K>organic C>total N>total P.