高寒地区垂穗披碱草种质资源综合评价

以45份垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)野生种质为材料,利用主成分分析和聚类分析对其9个产量和品质性状进行综合评价,为今后高产优质品种的选育提供育种材料。结果显示:45份垂穗披碱草材料各性状都存在显著差异,其中干草产量变异系数最大为40.86%,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维变异系数较小,分别为2.43%和5.37%;相关性分析表明参试材料的各性状间存在着不同程度的联系,尤其产量与可溶性糖呈显著负相关,粗蛋白含量与株高、干物质含量等农艺性状呈显著负相关;主成分分析将9个性状转化成4个主成分,其累计贡献率达84.53%,可以代表原始指标的绝大部分信息;聚类分析将45份种质材料分成8类,各材料并没有严格按照种源地聚在一起,而是来自相同生境的材料先聚在了一起。根据主成分分析和聚类分析结果,筛选出高产材料P16,高糖材料P22,P23和P42,高蛋白材料P36,以及P30,P31,P38和P39四个综合表现较好的优异种质。

Comprehensive Evaluation of Germplasm Resource of Elymus nutans in Alpine Region

In order to select the elite germplasm resource as the breeding materials of the cultivars with high yield and good quality in the future, the nine yield and quality characters of 45 wild Elymus nutans populations were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results indicated that each character of 45 Elymus nutans germplasm resource had significant difference. Hey yield had the highest variable coefficient (40.86%), whereas both neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber had lower variable coefficients (2.43% and 5.37%). Correlation analysis indicated that there were varying degrees of connection between each character of tested materials, especially yield was significantly negative correlation with water soluble carbohydrate, and crude protein was significantly negative correlation with agronomic characters such as plant height and dry matter content, respectively. The nine characters were transformed to four principal components that basically represented the main information of the original target and the cumulative contribution rate was 85.53%. Cluster analysis showed that 45 Elymus nutans populations were divided into 8 categories. The materials would not be divided into the same group strictly according to the same provenance, however, they would be clustered into one group if they came from the similar habitat. The results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis indicated that the material of P16 had the character of high yield, the materials of P22, P23 and P42 had the character of high sugar, the material of P36 had the character of high protein, and the materials of P30, P31, P38 and P39 had better comprehensive performance.