花生不同株型主要农艺性状的相关分析及其对单株产量的影响

以粤油13为供试材料,通过3种不同直径的管环处理,创制不同株型。本研究统计分析了18个主要农艺性状的相关性;采用通径分析的方法对单株产量进行通径分析;然后进行单株产量的逐步回归分析。农艺性状分析结果表明,单株产量、最大果节数、侧枝长、单株总果数、单株饱果数随着处理直径的增大显著增加;相关分析表明,单株产量与侧枝角度、最大果节数、单株总果数和单株饱果数呈极显著正相关;通径分析表明,单株总果数对单株产量的直接通径系数最大(PY.X7=2.15),而在株型相关性状中,侧枝角度具有较大的间接效应(IEX2=0.8567),在侧枝角度影响单株产量的间接因素中,通过影响单株总果数的间接效应最大(IEX2.X7=1.2060)。通过逐步回归分析,分别建立了单株产量的最优回归方程:Y=8.43+0.53X2 (P=6.8E-5);Y=-29.26+1.26X8+0.22X7 (P=3.13E-19;P=4.06E-11),为单株产量预测提供理论参考。本研究初步解析了花生株型与产量之间的关系,初步探明了株型相关性状对产量的影响因素,提出了培育具有"U"型特征的花生新株型品种,可为花生株型育种提供一定的理论依据。

Correlation Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits of Different Plant Types and Path Analysis of Yield Per Plant in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

“Yueyou 13” was used as the material, and three different diameter PVC rings were used to create different plant types. The phenotypic variation of 18 main agronomic traits was statistically analyzed and the correlation among these traits was computed. Path analysis was used to analyze yield per plant. And then, stepwise regression was used to analyze the same trait. The results of phenotypic variation suggested that yield per plant, max number of pod node, length of lateral branch, total number of pod and total number of full pod increased significantly with the increase of treatment diameter. Correlation analyses among these traits indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between yield per plant and branch angle, max number of a pod node, total number of a pod and total number of a full pod. Path analysis showed that the direct path coefficient between total number of a pod and yield per plant was the largest (P_Y.X7=2.15). For the plant type related traits, the indirect coefficient between branch angle and yield per plant was the largest (IE_X2=0.8567), and in indirect factors affecting yield per plant, the factor through affection total number of a pod was the largest (IE_X2.X7=1.2060). Two optimal regression equations were obtained using stepwise regression analyses, such as Y=8.43+0.53X₂ (P=6.8E-5); Y=-29.26+1.26X₈+0.22X₇ (P=3.13E-19; P=4.06E-11). In this study, the relationship between a plant type and yield per plant was preliminarily analyzed, and the influence factors of plant type correlation on yield were preliminarily uncovered, and a new peanut variety with an “U” plant type was proposed. This study could provide a theoretical base for plant type breeding in peanut in future.