椰子织蛾种群繁殖特征

本文研究了椰子织蛾Opisina arenosella Walker种群繁殖的特征。2015年每月从儋州市野外采集椰子织蛾,收集当天羽化的成虫,记录成虫的产卵前期、单雌产卵量、卵的孵化率、初孵幼虫数以及成虫寿命。结果表明:1月份的气温最低,雌成虫的产卵前期最长,为(3.00±0.21)d;5、6月气温最高,产卵前期次之;其他月份的产卵前期较短。11月份椰子织蛾的单雌产卵量最高,为(231.07±19.55)粒;3、4、7、8、9、10月份的产卵量次之;1、2、5、6、12月份的单雌产卵量最低。1月份(低温)椰子织蛾卵的孵化率最低,为(2.70±2.01)%;2—12月份椰子织蛾卵的孵化率差异不显著。1月份的初孵幼虫数最少,为(4.17±2.94)头;5、6月份的较少,分别为(54.04±8.18)、(52.31±10.81)头;3月份的最多,为(87.89±14.94)头。低温使成虫的寿命延长;各月雌成虫的寿命短于雄成虫的寿命;5、6月份雄成虫的平均寿命分别为(7.08±0.68)、(7.67±0.84)d,雌成虫的平均寿命分别为(6.50±0.34)、(6.22±0.36)d,低于其他月份雌雄成虫的寿命。5、6月的高温会抑制种群的数量,是药剂防治的最佳时间。该研究为椰子织蛾的防治、预测预报等提供基础科学依据。

Population Reproductive Characteristics of Opisina arenosella Walker

The population reproductive characteristics of Opisina arenosella Walker were investigated. O. arenosella was collected from the wild field of Danzhou, Hainan every month in 2015. The female and male adults on the day when emerging and the preoviposition duration, egg number per female, hatching rate of eggs, newly hatched larvae and longevity of adults were recorded. The temperature was the lowest in January, and then the preoviposition duration which was (3.00±0.21)d in January was the longest. The preoviposition durations in May and June took the second place as the temperatures were higher, and the preoviposition durations in other months were shorter. The egg number per female which was (231.07±19.55) eggs in November was the highest, the egg number per female in March, April, July, August, September, October was lower, and the egg number per female was the lowest in January, February, May, June, December. The hatching rate of eggs which was (2.70±2.01)% in January (low temperature) was the lowest, and the difference in hatching rates of eggs from February to December was not significant. The number of newly hatched larvae which was (4.17±2.94) individuals in January was the least, less in May, June which were (54.04±8.18) and (52.31±10.81) individuals, respectively and the most in March which was (87.89±14.94) individuals. The longevity of adults was extended in low temperature, the longevity of female adults of each month was shorter than that of male adults, and the average life longevity of male adults in May and June which was (7.08±0.68) and (7.67±0.84)d, respectively and female adults in May and June which was (6.50±0.34) and (6.22±0.36) d, correspondingly was shorter than that in other months. High temperature in May and June would inhibit the population of O. arenosella, so it was the best time for chemical control of the insect. This study would provide a basic scientific basis for the prevention and control, and the field forecast of O. arenosella.