木材内部水分扩散特性研究现状及发展趋势

扩散是水分在木材内部移动的一种重要途径。文中围绕木材内部水分的扩散机理、测试方法及其影响因素3个方面阐述水分扩散的驱动力类型及其在木材内部的基本移动路径，总结稳态和非稳态水分扩散系数的测试及计算方法；综述树种、早/晚材、心/边材、幼龄/成熟材等因素对水分扩散特性的影响机制；归纳木材含水率、温度等因素对木材内部水分扩散的作用规律；结合国内外关于水分扩散的研究现状，指出一些亟待解决的问题，以期为木材干燥、木结构建筑、木质包装材料的研究与应用提供参考。

Research on Water Diffusion Characteristics in Wood

Diffusion is an essential way of water movement in wood. Around diffusion mechanism, testing method, and influence factors, this paper expounds the types of driving force and the basic movement paths of water diffusion in wood, and summarizes the testing and calculating methods for determining water diffusion coefficients under stable state and unstable state. The mechanisms for wood species, earlywood/latewood, heartwood/sapwood, juvenile/mature wood to influence water diffusion characteristics are concluded. Furthermore, the impact of wood moisture content and temperature on water diffusion in wood is also discussed. Based on the research at home and abroad, some suggestions for further research are proposed in the expectation to provide the references to the research and application of wood drying, wood frame structure and wood-based packaging materials.