有限元法在实木榫接合家具结构设计中的应用

文中从实木榫接合家具节点、构件和整体框架3个层面，总结、分析有限元法在实木榫接合家具结构设计中的应用现状，并对该领域存在的主要问题及未来研究趋势进行了阐释。目前主要存在以下问题:1）未形成系统性的有限元分析方法，不同研究者之间存在较大差异；2）分析准确度不高，大多研究仅为有限元软件的模拟分析，缺乏试验验证；3）未建立合理的榫接合节点有限元模型，通常将榫接合节点视为刚性节点处理。未来研究可围绕以下几方面开展:1）榫接合节点有限元模型的建立方法及简化方法；2）实木榫接合家具疲劳寿命的有限元分析方法；3）基于有限元法的实木榫接合家具结构优化设计方法；4）二次开发，在有限元分析软件的基础上，建立实木榫接合家具结构设计模块；5）实木榫接合家具智能设计与制造系统开发。将有限元法应用于实木榫接合家具的结构设计中，将有助于实木榫接合家具的结构优化设计、智能设计与制造。

Application of Finite Element Method to Structure Design of Mortise-and-Tenon Joint Solid Wood Furniture

The paper analyzes and concludes the application of finite element method (FEM) to structure design of mortise-and-tenon joint solid wood furniture in terms of three levels including joint, part and entire frame of furniture, and illustrates the main existing issues and future research directions in the field. The main issues found are: 1) there is no systematical FEM, which varies from researchers; 2) the accuracy of FEM is not high, and most studies are only the analysis with FEM software without experimental tests; and 3) a reasonable finite element model of mortise-and-tenon joint is not available, and the joint is usually regarded as rigid joint. The future studies are supposed to be conducted: 1) the method to establish the finite element model of mortise-and-tenon joint and the corresponding simplified models; 2) the use of FEM in the study of the fatigue life of mortise-and-tenon joint furniture; 3) the method for optimizing the structure of solid wood furniture based on FEM; 4) the development of finite element modulus for structure design of solid wood furniture; and 5) the development of intelligent design and manufacturing system of solid wood furniture based on FEM. The application of FEM to the mortise-and-tenon solid wood furniture structure will contribute to the optimal design as well as intelligent design and manufacture of the furniture structure.