水肥耦合对小麦产量及根际土壤环境的影响

以郑麦9023为材料,通过不同水肥耦合处理,研究了水肥耦合下小麦产量及根际土壤环境变化的差异。结果表明:在同一水分条件下,增施氮肥显著增加单位面积穗数,最终产量表现为N2>N3>N1;同一氮肥处理下,灌水处理增加了穗粒数及千粒重,平均增加4.2%与2.9%,最终产量提高9.3%;从耦合效益看,W2N2处理下产量最高;W2N2处理提高土壤有机酸含量、土壤酶活性及土壤全氮含量;与N2相比,N3处理土壤有机酸总量、脲酶、过氧化氢酶及土壤全氮含量平均下降13.7%、3.9%、5.6%及2.1%;土壤有机酸及全氮含量与脲酶及过氧化氢酶活性呈极显著正相关,与碱性磷酸酶呈显著正相关。对不同肥水处理下产量形成及根际土壤环境的差异进行了讨论。

Effect of Coupling between Water and Fertilizer on Wheat Yield and Rhizosphere in Soil

A wheat cultivar,Zhengmai 9023,was used to investigate the wheat yield and soil rhizosphere changes cultivated with different water and fertilizer coupling.The results showed that spikelets per area with nitrogen applied was significantly higher than the other treatment under the same water condition,and the order in the grain yield was N2>N3>N1;Kernels of per spike and weight under the irrigated treatment was increased by 4.2% and 2.9%,and the same trend was observed in the grain yield.The grain yield was highest under the W2N2 treatment from the coupling effect;the contain of organic acid,enzyme activity and total nitrogen content in soil were improved under the W2N2 treatment;when compared to N2,N3 treatment,the content of organic acid,urase activity,hydrogen peroxidase and total nitrogen in soil decreased by 13.7%,3.9%,5.6% and 2.1%;the content of organic acid and total nitrogen content in soil was significantly correlated with urase and hydrogen peroxidase activity in soil organic acid and total nitrogen content in soil was also correlated with urase and hydrogen peroxidase activity.The potential underlying mechanism for the differences in yield and rhizosphere under the different treatments were discussed in the paper.