氮素运筹对玉米干物质积累、氮素吸收分配及产量的影响

田间小区试验,研究了氮素运筹对玉米干物质累积、氮素吸收分配及产量的影响。结果表明,施氮和有机肥可以延长干物质积累的旺盛时期,使玉米干物质总量积累速率最大的时刻推后1～3d,增加了玉米的干物质积累量。氮肥配施有机肥能延长氮素积累的旺盛时期,其中,N2+M处理氮素积累的旺盛时期△t分别比N0、N1、N2、N3和FP处理延长了6、4、6、1和7d,该时段吸N量比FP处理增加 0.25 g/plant,比等氮量的N2处理增加0.24 g/plant。播前施有机肥 30 t/hm2,在减 N 26.83%的情况下,玉米吸氮量比常规施肥（FP）提高 6.52%,氮素利用率达54.31%,高于常规施肥的 33.27%;玉米增产24.12%,比常规施肥增收2696元/hm2。

Effects of nitrogen management on maize dry matter accumulation,nitrogen uptake and distribution and maize yield

The effects of nitrogen management on maize dry matter accumulation, nitrogen uptake and distribution and maize yield were studied through a plot field experiment. The result showed that application of nitrogen fertilizer and organic matter could prolong the vigorous time of dry matter accumulation, postpone the maximum accumulation rate by 1~3d compared to the other treatments. Application of N combined with organic fertilizer could also delay the time of maximum N accumulation rate, prolong the vigorous period of N accumulation. The treatment of N2+M prolonged the vigorous period of N accumulation △t by 6 d、4 d、6 d、1 d、7 d compared to N0、N1、N2、N3、FP treatments respectively, increased the nitrogen uptake by 0.25 g/plant compared to FP treatment, and by 0.24 g/plant compare to treatments with equal N rate. Using organic fertilizer 30 t/hm2 as base fertilizer, under the condition of N application rate reduced 26.83%, enhanced the N uptake by 6.52% compare to the local conventional fertilization. The nitrogen utilization was 54.31% which was 33.27% higher than that under conventional fertilization, It could also increase he maize yield by 24.12% and the income by 2696 yuan/ha compare to conventional fertilization.