黄河兰州段多环芳烃类有机污染物健康风险评价

近年来黄河兰州段的多环芳烃污染日渐严重。为研究黄河兰州段水体中多环芳烃类有机污染物对人体产生的潜在健康危害风险，根据黄河兰州段2004年11个采样点水质监测数据，应用美国环境保护局（USEPA）的健康风险评价方法对黄河兰州段多环芳烃类有机污染物通过饮水和皮肤接触途径进入人体的健康风险进行了初步评价。结果表明：黄河兰州段多环芳烃类有机污染物的非致癌风险指数值均小于1，其中萘的非致癌风险指数值在10^-3数量级，偏高于其他污染物。苯并（a）芘的致癌风险指数值在10^-4数量级以下。从位于西固八盘峡的1号采样点（S1）采集的水样中萘的非致癌风险指数值偏高。在所有采样点中，西固八盘峡的1号采样点（S1）污染较重，具有较高的健康风险。与国内其他地区相比，黄河兰州段萘的非致癌风险亦较高。常规的自来水处理工艺不能有效地去除源水中微量PAHs等有机污染物，因此地面水特别是饮用源水PAHs污染具有较大的健康风险。

Water Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Lanzhou Reach of the Yellow River

The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） pollution of the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River has been more and more serious in recent year. In order to investigate potential health risk to human bodies caused by organic pollutants of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in waters there, based on water quality monitoring data from 11 sampling sites in the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River in 2004, a preliminary assessment of the health risk caused by ingestion from drinking water and dermal contact with shower water was performed by using a health risk method of US EPA. The results showed that the non-carcinogenic risk index values of organic pollutants of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were far below 1. The non-carcinogenic risk index value of naphthalene was around 10^-3, higher than that of other pollutants. The carcinogenic risk index value of benzoa]pyrene was below 10^-4. The non-carcinogenic risk index value of naphthalene at sampling site 1 （S1） located in the Bapan Gorge of Xigu district was relatively high. Among all the sampling sites, the sampling site 1 （S1） in the Bapan Gorge of Xigu district was the most heavily polluted, and might carry a higher health risk. Compared with other regions in China, the non-car- cinogenic risk of naphthalene in the Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River were much higher. The routine treatment technology of tap water can not remove effectively the trace organic pollutants （such as PAHs,etc ）. Therefore, the PAHs pollution of surface water carries a great health risk, especially when surface water is used as a drinking-water resource.