中亚（五国）干旱生态地理环境特征

中亚五国位于地球陆地北半球温带面积最大的世界级干旱区，地处青藏高原西侧的帕米尔高原西北坡，成为亚洲中部干旱区的重要组成部分。同时，它又是世界上生态系统十分脆弱，而自然资源尤其是能源相对富集的区域，揭示其生态地理环境形成和演变过程，已成为中亚五国社会经济可持续发展的必然。自1989年以来，国际合作研究注重亚洲内陆干旱区的生态地理环境科学问题。为此，基于该区域研究成果的全面集成出发，来论述中亚五国的地理环境形成、演变及其基本生态特征，籍以力促中亚五国经济社会的和谐、平衡和快速发展，造福当地的社会和人民。

Arid Ecological and Geographical Conditions in Five Countries of Central Asia

As an important part of arid land in Central Asia, the five countries, i.e., Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan are located in the largest arid region in northern hemispheric temperate zone of the terrestrial earth and on northwestern slope of the Pamirs on the west side of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Moreover, these countries are characterized by very fragile ecosystems, but rich in natural resources, especial energy resources. It is necessary for social and economic sustainable development in these countries to reveal the formation and evolution process of ecological and geographical conditions. Since 1989, many international co research programs focused on the issues of regional ecological and geographical conditions in arid land of the Asian inland have been conducted. In this paper, a comprehensive review on previous researches was carried out, and the formation and evolution process and basic ecological and geographical features and conditions in the five countries in Central Asia were discussed so as to prompt the harmonious, balanced and rapid development of society and economy in these countries.