2种育珠蚌遗传多样性分析

采用ＲＡＰＤ和同工酶凝胶电泳的方法，对三角帆蚌和褶纹冠蚌的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果显示，三角帆蚌群体内的相似度为０．２９１７，褶纹冠蚌的为０．３６３６；两者的群体间相似系数为０．６７２３，遗传距离为０．３２７７。ＥＳＴ和ＬＤＨ同工酶在褶纹冠蚌外套膜及内脏团组织中的表达酶谱均比在三角帆蚌中复杂，２种组织相比则内脏团中的表达酶谱比外套膜复杂。三角帆蚌和褶纹冠蚌同作为亲缘关系比较接近的主要育珠蚌种，两者各有优缺点。在珍珠养殖和育种上，一方面要重视野生资源的保护，避免近亲繁殖；另一方面要建立种质资源库，不断筛选出更多更好的优良性状，提高育珠的质量和产量。

Analysis on Genetic Diversity between Hyriopsis cumingii and Cristaria plicata

RAPD -PCR and isozyme polypropylene amides gel electrophoresis was used to study on the genetic diversity between tlyriopsis cumingii and Cristaria plicata in the paper. The results showed that intra -population genetic similarity of Hyriopsis cumingii and Cristaria plicata was 0. 2917 and 0. 3636, the inter - population genetic similarity and genetic distance between them were 0. 6723 and 0. 3277 respectively. Isozyme patterns of EST LDH were more complicate in Cristaria plicata than in Hyriopsis cumingii, as to the tissues, the activities of two isozyme in visceras were higher than in mantles. This study indicated that both mussels are close genetic relationship and all have advantages and disadvantages. In the pearl breeding, on one hand we must pay attention to protect wild resources and to avoid inbreeding; on the other hand we must build germplasm resources pool and screen out more and better excellent characteristics to improve the quality and output of pearl.