甘蔗渣培养基栽培木耳过程中主要组分的降解和有关酶活的变化

实验以甘蔗渣加少量麦麸栽培毛木耳和光木耳,在栽培的不同阶段分析测定培养物的的主要化学组成成分和有关酶活性的变化。结果表明,两种木耳利用栽培底物的能力有明显差别;在栽培后期,毛木耳和光木耳分别消耗纤维素为74%和43%,半纤维素为78%和61%,木质素寿60%和35%。不过它们对这些底物的消耗又具有相似的阶段性变化的特点,即在子实体形成期的消耗速率都比菌丝生长期快。培养物的纤维素酶和半纤维素酶的活性也有阶段性变化特点。底物降解速率的变化与酶活水平的变化之间有一定对应关系,其中尤以毛木耳较明显。实验还分析培养物的过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶的活性变化,简要地讨论了它们在栽培底物降解中的作用。

DEGRADATION OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND CHANGES IN ACTIVITIES OF ALLIED ENZYMES IN THE CULUTRES DURING GROWTH OF AURICULARIA POLYTRICHA AND A.AURICULA ON SUGARCANE BAGASSE MEDIUM

Auricularia polytricha and A.auricula were separately cultivated on the medium which consisted of sugarcane bagasse mainly.The contents of main chemical constituents and the activities of some enzymes related to the degradation of the substrates in the cultures were determined at different stages during the fungal growth. There were difference in capability to utilize the substrates between the fungi.At the late stage of the cultivation,74% and 43% of cellulose,78% and 61% of hemicellulose,and 60% and 35% of lignin were decomposed by A.polytricha and A.auricula respectively.Both the fungi,however,showed with a similar feature to consume the substrates by stages,i.e.the consumption rates in the fruitbody formation were more rapid than that in the vegetative growth.The activities of cellulase and hemicellulase were changed by stages too.In some extent there existed the positive correlation between the degradation rates of the substrates and the activity levels of the enzymes.Peroxidase and polyphenolase also assayed and the roles of the enzymes were discussed briefly.