碳、氮、磷营养对7种海洋微藻种群增长的影响研究

文章采用批次培养方式研究双胞旋沟藻(Cochlodinium geminatum)、米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri)、球形棕囊藻(Phaeocystis globosa)、亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)和眼点拟微绿球藻(Nannochloropsis oculata)在不同碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)条件下的生长特性,以期为养殖尾水的原位处理筛选优良藻种(株)。结果表明,这7种微藻的比生长速率与C、N、P浓度总体呈正相关。相较对照组,C对旋沟藻、骨条藻和拟微绿球藻比生长速率的促进作用分别为35%、19%和19%,P对比生长速率的最大促进作用介于25.01%~446.60%,硝酸盐为16.54%~77.52%,铵盐为15.79%~88.82%,尿素为25.16%~71.43%。7种微藻的最大比生长速率与细胞体积总体呈负相关,棕囊藻的比生长速率最高,拟微绿球藻和扁藻最大比生长速率与其他藻华种相比无显著差别。微藻的氮磷吸收速率随细胞体积增加呈升高趋势,单位氮磷利用效率随细胞体积增加呈降低趋势。培养液中P吸收速率显著高于N,氮磷比均呈升高趋势。眼点拟微绿球藻和亚心形扁藻可用于养殖尾水氮磷的快速去除。

Effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and carbon on growth of seven marine microalgae

In order to screen fine algae species(strains)for in situ treatment of aquaculture tail water,we investigated the effects of nitrogen(nitrate,ammonium and urea),phosphorus(phosphate)and carbon(carbonate)on the growth of seven marine microalgae(Cochlodinium geminatum,Karenia mikimotoi,Skeletonema costatum,Chaetoceros muelleri,Phaeocystis globosa,Platymonas subcordiformis,Nannochloropsis oculata)in batch cultures.The results reaveal that the growth rates of microalgae were positively correlated with nutrients concentration.Compared with the control,the enhancements on the specific growth rate were 35%,19%and19%in C.geminatum,S.costatum and N.oculata under carbonate treatments.The enchancements on the specific growth rate under phosphate,nitrate,ammonium and urea were 25.01%-446.60%,16.54%-77.52%,15.79%-88.82%and 25.16%-71.43%,respectively.In general,the maximal specific growth rates(highest in P.globosa)of seven marine algae under carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus were negatively correlated with cell size,while those of P.subcordiformis and N.oculata were not significantly different with red tide microalgae except P.globosa.The nitrate and phosphate uptake rates were positively correlated with cell size,but the utilization efficiency of nitrogen/phosphorus per cell was negatively correlated with cell size.The N/P ratios in all culture medium increased.The phosphorus uptake rates were higher than nitrogen uptake rates.P.subcordiformis and N.oculata can be used in algal absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in aquaculture tail water.