多种环境因子对克氏原螯虾蜕壳死亡的影响及对策研究

为探究克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)蜕壳死亡原因及预防对策,该研究以不同环境因子饲养和胁迫不同规格的克氏原螯虾,初步探讨其蜕壳死亡原因及预防对策。结果表明,水体中钙(Ca2+)质量浓度为30 mg·L^?1、镁(Mg^2+)质量浓度为15 mg·L^?1时,克氏原螯虾的成活率和蜕壳率最高,显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而蜕壳死亡率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);水体中pH为9.23,或者溶解氧质量浓度为4.5 mg·L^?1时,虾的成活率和蜕壳率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而蜕壳死亡率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);盐度为21时的蜕壳死亡率最高(P<0.05)。环境因子等诸多因素是造成克氏原螯虾蜕壳死亡的重要原因,而蜕壳死亡现象时有发生,需采取预防对策方可提高产量。

Effects of multiple environmental factors on molting death of Procambarus clarkii and countermeasures

In order to study the cause of molting death of Procambarus clarkii and its preventive measures,we raised and stressed the crayfish of different sizes by different environmental factors.The results show that the survival rate and decidua rate of P.clarkii were highest in groups of 30 mg·L^?1 Ca2+and 15 mg·L^?1 Mg^2+,significantly higher than those in the contol(P<0.05),but their decidua mortalities were significantly lower than those in the control(P<0.05).When the pH value was 9.23 or the dissolved oxygen concentration was 4.5 mg·L^?1,the survival rate and decidua rate were significantly lower than those in the control(P<0.05),but the decidua mortality was significantly higher than that in the control(P<0.05).The molting mortality of P.clarkii was highest when the salinity was 21(P<0.05).Environmental factors and many other factors are the important causes of molting death of P.clarkii.