花生胚轴的离体诱导与植株再生

选择不同基因型的花生品种为外植体供体，以初步建立适应河南花生品种的高效再生体系。以5天苗龄的花生无菌胚轴为外植体，将供试的4个花生品种分别接种于4种丛生芽诱导培养基上：MS+6-BA5mg/L+NAA1mg/L，MS+TDZ0.6mg/L+NAA0.4mg/L，MS+TDZ1mg/L+6-BA1mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L，MS+TDZ1mg/L+6-BA2mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L。在25℃±1℃、2000lx、16h/d光照条件下培养约30天左右，上胚轴和下胚轴均分化出愈伤组织和丛生芽点。结果发现，上胚轴的丛生芽诱导率远高于下胚轴，最高达到67%，平均每个外植体产生4.5个丛生芽，最高的可分化出30多个；上胚轴在培养基MS+6-BA5mg/L+NAA1mg/L和MS+TDZ1mg/L+6-BA1mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L的丛生芽分化较好，该研究为花生组织的离体培养和外植体遗传转化提供有效途径。

Induction in Vitro and Plant Regeneration of Embryo Axe of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

In this study, explants from different genetic peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties were induced so as to establish a more efficient plant regeneration system of peanut cultivars which were only adaptable in Henan Province. Four peanut cultivars were selected as research materials, embryoids developed from the 5- day-old seedlings of these cultivars on MS basal medium were used as the explants, and then cultured on MS supplemented with 4 different ratios of hormone: MS+ 6-BA 5 mg/L+ NAA 1 mg/L, MS+TDZ 0.6 mg/L+NAA 0.4 mg/L, MS+TDZ 1 mg/L+6-BA 1 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L, MS+TDZ 1 mg/L+6-BA 2 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L. Being cultured about 30 d under the temperature of 25℃±1℃ with the illumination of 2000 lx lasted for 16h, the morphogenetic callus and shoots regeneration could be found on both epicotyl and hypocotyl of peanut explants . The average percentage of epicotyl shoots was up to 67%, and the average number of shoots per explant was 4.5 per explant, the most one could be up to 30 per explant, which was higher than that of hypocotyls. Epicotyl had a higher ratio of inducing production on MS+6-BA 5 mg/L+ NAA 1 mg/L and TDZ 1 mg/L+6-BA 1 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L. As a result, an effective way of plant regeneration in vitro and genetic transformation was established.