无芒雀麦农艺性状与产量形成关系的多重分析

通过遗传参数估算、相关分析、主成分分析、逐步回归分析和通径分析等多种方法,综合分析无芒雀麦农艺性状与产量形成的关系。结果表明,无芒雀麦各性状变异丰富,变异系数介于7.75%~19.15%之间;茎节数、基部茎长、花序长、小穗数、旗叶宽、旗叶叶鞘长、倒二叶长、倒二叶宽和倒二叶叶鞘长遗传力达65%以上,遗传进度达15%以上,遗传稳定性较高,在育种选择中应用效果较好;多元逐步回归和通径分析表明,茎节数、基部茎长、穗下茎长、倒二叶长和倒二叶叶鞘长对干草产量具有较高的直接效应,小穗数、旗叶宽、倒二叶长、花序长和倒二叶宽对种子产量具有较高的直接效应;主成分分析筛选出Q2、Q4、Q6和Q8共4份高产种质材料,4份材料的平均干草产量达13.06t/hm 2,种子产量达1.62t/hm 2。综合分析表明,茎节数、基部茎长、花序长、小穗数、旗叶宽、倒二叶长、倒二叶宽和倒二叶叶鞘长具有较高的遗传稳定性,与无芒雀麦产量形成关系密切,可作为筛选高产无芒雀麦种质材料的鉴定性状;材料Q2、Q4、Q6和Q8综合性状较好,可作为培育优良品种的亲本材料。

Multiple Analysis on the Relationship between Agronomic Traits and Yield Formation of Bromus inermis

In this study,the relationship between agronomic traits and yield formation of Bromus inermis was analyzed by genetic parameter estimation,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,stepwise regression analysis and path analysis.The results showed that there was abundant variation in the agronomic traits of Bromus inermis,with a coefficient of variation ranging from 7.75%to 19.15%.The heritability of stem node number,basal stem length,inflorescence length,spikelet number,flag leaf width,flag leaf sheath length,top second leaf length,top second leaf width and top second leaf sheath length reached more than 65%,and the genetic progress was more than 15%.These traits had high genetic stability and can be preferred in breeding selection.Multiple stepwise regression and path analysis showed that the number of stem nodes,basal stem length,stem length under panicle,top second leaf length,and top second leaf sheath length had higher direct effect on hay yield,while the spikelet number,flag leaf width,top second leaf length,inflorescence length and top second leaf width had higher direct effects on seed yield.Principal component analysis screened out four high-yielding germplasm materials Q2,Q4,Q6 and Q8,with an average hay yield of 13.06t/hm 2 and a seed yield of 1.62t/hm 2.Comprehensive analysis showed that the number of stem nodes,basal stem length,inflorescence length,spikelet number,flag leaf width,top second leaf length,top second leaf width and top second leaf sheath length had high genetic stability,which was closely related to the yield formation of Bromus inermis,and could be used as identification characters for screening high-yield Bromus inermis germplasm materials,Q2,Q4,Q6 and Q8 had better comprehensive traits and could be used as parent material for breeding excellent varieties.