大豆品种（系）抗疫霉根腐病基因推导

 【目的】推导大豆品种（系）的抗疫霉根腐病基因，为病害防治筛选有效抗病品种（系）。【方法】用下胚轴创伤接种法鉴定124个品种（系）对12个大豆疫霉菌菌株的反应型，通过基因推导方法分析品种（系）的抗病基因。【结果】124个品种（系）对12个菌株共产生51个反应型，13个品种（系）产生的反应型分别与几个含有已知抗病基因品种（系）的反应型相同，33个品种（系）产生的反应型符合一些两个已知抗病基因组合的反应型，这些品种（系）可能含有已知抗病基因或基因组合；52个品种（系）共产生37个既不同于任何含有单个已知抗病基因品种（系）的反应型也不同于两个已知抗病基因组合的反应型，它们可能含有新的抗病基因或基因组合。【结论】鉴定的大豆品种（系）普遍存在对疫霉根腐病的抗性，但抗病品种（系）数量和抗性水平存在地区间差异，同一地区多数抗病品种的遗传背景和抗性水平相似。

Postulation of Phytophthora Resistance Genes in Soybean Cultivars or Lines

Phytophthora root rot, incited by Phytophthora sojae, is an important disease of soybean. Growing resistance cultivars has been the most effective way to control the disease. The objective of this study was to identify Phytophthora resistance genes in the modern soybean cultivars or lines by application of the gene-for-gene hypothesis, and screen effective resistance cultivars or lines to P. sojae for disease control. One hundred and twenty-four soybean cultivars or lines were identified for their responses to 12 strains of P. sojae using the hypocotyls inoculation technique, 51 reaction types occurred, 98 cultivars or lines were resistant to 1 to 12 strains, respectively, while 26 cultivars or lines were susceptible to all 12 strains. By comparisons of the reaction types of differential soybean cultivars or lines, reaction types of 13 cultivars of lines were consistent with the reaction patterns of a single gene， reaction types of 33 cultivars or lines were consistent with two-gene combinations, these cultivars or line were deduced that carry single known genes or two-gene combinations, respectively. There were 37 reaction types elicited by 52 cultivars or lines are novel reaction types。Most of identified cultivars or lines were resistant, but great difference existed in number and resistance level of resistant cultivars or lines among soybean production regions. There was similar genetic background and resistance level among most of resistant cultivars or lines growing in the same soybean production region.