大白猪繁殖性状遗传参数估计及影响因素的效应分析

本研究对7 945窝大白母猪妊娠周期、总产仔数、产活仔数、健仔数、弱仔数、畸形数、死仔数、木乃伊及死胎数9个繁殖性状进行了最小二乘分析,分析了胎次、配种季节及妊娠周期分类对母猪繁殖性能的影响;并利用动物模型REML(约束最大似然)方法估计动物繁殖性状的遗传力及性状之间的遗传相关.结果表明,胎次对畸形数(P=0.2619)和木乃伊(P=0.4639)影响不显著(P >0.05),对其他7个繁殖性状影响极显著(P <0.01);配种季节对妊娠周期、产活仔数、弱仔数、木乃伊、死仔数及健仔数影响极显著(P <0.01),对畸形数(P=0.3993)影响不显著(P> 0.05),对总产仔数和死胎数影响显著(P <0.05).妊娠周期对木乃伊影响显著(P <0.05),对其他7个性状影响极显著(P <0.01).妊娠周期遗传力最高,为0.34,其他繁殖性状遗传力都低于0.2,为低遗传力性状.总产仔数与妊娠周期之间存在负遗传相关(r_g=-0.10),与产活仔数及健仔数之间存在较强的正遗传相关,遗传相关都超过0.80.妊娠周期与其他繁殖性状之间的遗传相关较小,最高的为妊娠周期与畸形数之间的遗传相关为-0.17.由此得出结论,妊娠周期属于中等遗传力性状,妊娠周期不仅受到胎次、季节等环境因素的影响,而且也受总产仔数等繁殖性状的影响,妊娠周期可作为养猪生产的间接指标.

Genetic Parameter Estimation and Affecting Factor Analysis of Reproduction Traits in Large White Sow

In this study,7 945 litter records from 2 904 Large White sows were used to determine the effect of parity,mating season and the classified gestation length on total number born (TNB),number born alive (NBA),number healthy birth (NHB),number weak birth (NWB),deform fetus,number born dead (NBD),mummy fetus and stillbirth. Genetic parameters and genetic correlation of the above reproduction traits were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedure.The results indicated that the parity had non-significant effect on deform fetus (P=0.2619) and mummy fetus (P=0.4639),but had significant effect on other 7 reproduction traits (P <0.01).The effect of mating season on gestation length,NBA,NWB,mummy fetus,NBD and NHB were highly significant (P <0.01),while mating season effect on deform fetus was not significant (P=0.3993).Moreover,the effect of mating season on TNB and stillbirth were significant (P <0.05).Effect of different gestation length classification was significant on mummy fetus (P <0.05),and was highly significant on the other 7 traits (P <0.01).The gestation length got the highest heritability,at 0.34,while others below 0.2 as low heritability traits.There was a negative genetic correlation (r_g=-0.10) between gestation length and TNB,while a strong positive genetic correlation exists among TNB,NBA and NHB (r_g >0.80).The genetic correlation between gestation length and other reproductive traits was low,the highest one appears between gestation length and deform fetus reached -0.17.We concluded that the gestation length was medium heritability trait,it was influenced not only by environment factors (such as parity,mating season) but also reproductive traits like TNB,and gestation length could be used as an indirect indicator in pig production.