上海农场农田土壤养分状况及培肥措施

于2005年稻收后采集上海市上海农场农田耕层(0～20 cm)土壤,对土壤养分状况进行分析。结果表明,整个农场的土壤养分含量整体上处于较高肥力水平。其中,有机质含量20.40 g/kg,全氮含量1.06 g/kg,速效氮含量77.01 mg/kg,全磷含量0.92 g/kg,速效磷含量36.93 mg/kg,缓效钾含量863.63 mg/kg,速效钾含量216.18 mg/kg,但田块之间养分差异较大,存在明显的异质性;土壤pH值约为9,已达到了强碱性,且土壤盐分含量也较高,说明农场土壤盐碱化问题较为突出。最后,根据该农场的情况,提出了增施有机肥,平衡施肥等科学施肥措施。

Status of Soil Nutrient in Shanghai Farmland and Fertilization Recommendations

In 2005,30 soil samples(0~20cm),collected after rice was harvested in the Shanghai farmland,were analyzed.The results demonstrated that all the soil were fertile with high nutrient contents.The contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,slow-acting potassium,and available potassium were 20.40 g/kg,1.06 g/kg,77.01 mg/kg,0.92 g/kg,36.93 mg/kg,863.63 mg/kg,and 216.18 mg/kg,respectively.However,nutrient distribution was of great difference among different plots,demonstrating significant spatial heterogeneity.The soil pH(9) and salts content were high,which demonstrated that the degree of salinization and basification was high.According to the practical situation of this farm,some scientific fertilizing measures should be applied to improve the farmland soil fertility.