番茄绿果与橙果间果实颜色及主要色素含量的遗传研究

对番茄组合绿樱(绿果)×金珠1号(橙果)的6个世代遗传群体(P1、P2、F1、BC1、BC2和F2)进行果色性状、番茄红素含量、叶绿素含量和胡萝卜素含量等的遗传规律分析。结果表明:正反交F1的果色性状无明显差异,而色素含量存在显著差异;说明番茄果色性状受核基因控制,而色素含量遗传除受核基因控制外还可能存在胞质效应。采用多世代联合分析法的分析结果表明,番茄绿果与橙果间的果色性状符合2对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因(MX2-A-AD)遗传模型,其BC1、BC2和F2主基因遗传率分别为73.42%、78.25%和61.41%,多基因遗传率分别为22.87%、15.35%和34.94%,即果色性状遗传的主基因遗传力较强;叶绿素含量符合1对负向显性主基因+加性-显性多基因(MX1-AEND-AD)遗传模型,其BC1、BC2和F2主基因遗传率分别为0、1.73%和0.65%,多基因遗传率分别为45.47%、0和37.82%,即主基因遗传力在BC2群体中最高,多基因遗传力在BC1群体中最高;番茄红素含量与胡萝卜素含量均符合2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因(MX2-ADI-AD)遗传模型,其BC1、BC2和F2主基因遗传率分别为75.74%、1.79%、84.26%和61.53%、87.21%、81.05%,多基因遗传率分别为20.32%、74.12%、12.68%和0.68%、0、0,表明番茄红素含量和胡萝卜素含量的主基因遗传力较强。

Studies on Inheritance of Fruit Color and Major Pigment Contents between Green and Orange of Tomato（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）

A genetic analysis was conducted to study fruit color，lycopene content，chlorophyll content and carotene content of the genetic populations（P₁，P₂，F₁，BC₁，BC₂ and F₂）generated by crossing green fruit tomato inbred line‘Lyuying’and orange fruit tomato inbred line‘Jinzhu No.1’．The result showed that there was no significant differences in fruit color of F₁ generation groups．However there were significant differences in pigment content of F₁ generation groups，indicating fruit color was controlled by nuclear gene，while genetic of pigments content in F₁ was not only controlled by nuclear gene，but also there existed some cytoplasm effects．The result of analyzing by multiple generation conjoint showed that the genetics of tomato fruit color between green and orange were accord with the pattern of MX2-A-AD．The major gene heritability and the polygene heritability in BC₁，BC₂ and F₂ was 73.42%，78.25%，61.41% and 22.87%，15.35%，34.94%，respectively．The genetics of chlorophyll content was accord with MX1-AEND-AD．The major gene heritability and the polygene heritability in BC₁， BC₂ and F₂ was 0，1.73%，0.65% and 45.47%，0，37.82%，respectively．The genetics of lycopene content， as with genetics of carotene content，was accord with MX2-ADI-AD．The major gene heritability of lycopene content and carotene content in BC₁，BC₂ and F₂ was 75.74%，1.79%，84.26% and 61.53%，87.21%，81.05%， respectively．And the polygene heritability of them was 20.32%，74.12%，12.68% and 0.68%，0，0， respectively．It indicated that the major gene heritability of lycopene content and carotene content was stronger．