日光温室基础保温围护对室内地温及番茄产量的影响

为了减少温室内土壤有效热量从水平方向及垂直方向流失,以无保温基础作对照,在热阻值相同的前提下,设置外置、内置聚苯乙烯泡沫板(EPS)2个处理,探究不同位置隔热层对温室地温及室内番茄产量的影响。结果表明:无论隔热层内置还是外置,温室内平均地温均极显著高于对照。隔热层内置处理的保温效果优于外置处理,水平方向地温较外置处理、对照平均提高0.5、1.3℃;垂直方向地温显著高于外置处理(平均提升0.6℃),极显著高于对照(平均提升1.3℃),5~25cm范围内随耕层深度增加增温幅度先增后减;番茄植株根系活力显著高于外置处理,极显著高于对照;番茄产量较外置处理、对照分别增产10.9%、29.1%。综上,内置隔热层可有效提高温室内水平方向、垂直方向地温,不同位置地温均匀度更好,番茄根系活力和产量均显著提高。

Effects of Different Heat Preservation Structure of Foundation on Ground Temperature and Tomato Yield in Solar Greenhouse

To reduce the soil heat loss from both horizontal and vertical direction，this study took no heat insulation panel served as the contrast，and set external and built-in thermal insulation material（EPS）treatments，on the premise of same value of foundation’s thermal resistance，to explore the effects of insulation panel with different position on soil temperature and tomato yield in greenhouse．The results showed that both 2 treatments had significant higher heat preservation effects than that of the contrast．The insulation effect of the built-in heat insulation panel was better than that of the external insulation，and the soil temperature increased 0.5 ℃ and 1.3 ℃ on average in horizontal direction compared with external insulation panel and the contrast group．Ground temperature in vertical direction was significantly better than that of the external（lifting 0.6 ℃ by average），which was significantly higher than that of the contrast（lifting 1.3 ℃ by average）. Within 5-25 cm，the warming amplitudes first increased and then decreased along with the topsoil depth increasing．The tomato root system activity was significantly better than that of the external insulation panel and extreme significantly higher than that of the contrast．The tomato yield was increased by 10.9% and 29.1%，respectively than that of the external insulation panel and the contrast．In summary，the built-in insulation panel could effectively improve the indoor soil temperature in both horizontal and vertical direction，keep the temperature uniformity at different locations，and maintain the root system activity，tomato yield both in improved position．