世界木材市场浅析

世界原木出口量呈下降趋势;加工的半成品、产品出口量呈增长趋势。木材出口国和地区为北美、欧洲、苏联和东南亚,而进口国和地区主要有日本、欧洲、中国和南朝鲜。文中研究了木材贸易与经济周期的关系以及贸易保护主义和集团化倾向对木材贸易的影响。建议我国木材进出口应实行多元化和协调一致共同对外的方针,同时要优化木材产品结构并抑制某些木材产品的过热消费。

A Preliminary Analysis on the World Timber Market

The volume of roundwood export showed a downword trend throughout the world decreasing 8.6 percent during the period 1979-1986,of which industrial logs decreased 8.8 percent, whereas the export of semi-finished products and finished timber products had been growing in the same period. In 1980-1986 the volume of export of sawnwood and sleeper rose 8.67 percent, ply wood 40.17 percent, particle board 19.64 percent, fibreboard 16.1 percent, and paper and paperboard 23.83 percent, main export countries and regions are North America, Europe, USSR and Southeast Asia, whereas Japan, Europe, China and South Korea are major import nations and regions. The world periodic economic crises have great impact on timber trade. Firstly it resulted in depression of construction industry and reduction of export of logs, sawnwood and wood-based panel; secondly it led to drop of prices. In order to protect the competitiveness of home co- mmodities most of the countries adopt the policies of restricting import and encouraging export, and the trade groups between countries or regions which have relative close economic relations came into being. According to the author this will not influence the growth of trade value and may bring some changes to the variety structure and commodity flow in the world timber market. The paper suggests that China should carry out the plural but coordinate policies in timber import and export, at the same time rationalize timber product structure and control the overheated consumption of some timber products.