黑土长期定位原状土壤搬迁对土壤物理性质的影响

为了明确土壤搬迁的环境变化和土壤移动对土壤物理性质产生的影响,选择长期定位施肥试验中的4个代表性处理(CK、NPK、MNPK、M)调查其土壤容重、水分、孔隙度和三相比等指标。结果表明:原状冻土搬迁的扰动对土壤物理性质有一定的影响,其对表层0~20cm土层的影响大于20~40cm土层土壤。不同处理间的横向比较,M、NPK、MNPK处理搬迁后0~20cm土层的土壤孔隙度均高于搬迁前;而20~40cm土层表现为搬迁后低于搬迁前,平均低11.8%;土壤孔隙度搬迁前后的变异系数分别为2.3%~5.9%和0.6%~1.7%,搬迁后土壤孔隙度的变异系数比搬迁前有所降低。土壤三相率在搬迁后各处理0~20cm土层固相率普遍减少,20~40cm固相率增加、水分减少;土壤容重搬迁前及搬迁后的变异系数为1.7%~7.2%及1.5%~17.1%。CK处理搬迁前的田间持水量处于众多处理的最低水平,为28.7%,搬迁后为44.3%,其它处理搬迁后为35%~45%,以M和MNPK处理较高,有机肥与化肥配合施用能够提高土壤对水分的保蓄作用。土壤含水率搬迁前0~60cm随着土层深度的增加土壤含水率降低,搬迁后的土壤与当地的土壤能够较好地融合。

Effect of Long-term Located on Soil Physical Properties Undisturbed Black Soil Moving

In order to ensure the effect of environment change and soil moving on soil physical properties, four treatments of long-term located fertilization test including CK, NPK, MNPK and M were studied to investigate the soil bulk density,moisture, porosity and three phases rate. The results showed that the moving of undisturbed frozen soil had some disturbances on soil physical properties, and had greater impact on 0 - 20 cm soil layer than the 20-40 cm soil layers. Soil porosity of 0-20 cm after moving was higher than before,and the porosity of 20-40 cm soil layer after moving was lower for 11.8% than before. The variation coefficient of soil porosity before soil moving was higher than after soil moving which values were 2.3%-5.9% and 0. 6% 1.7%. Three phases rate of 0-20 cm soil layer after soil moving reduced and 20-40 cm soil layer increased. The variation coefficient of soil bulk density ranged from 1.7% to 7.2% before moving and 1.5% to 17.1% after moving. The field capacity of CK before soil moving 0-20 cm soil layer（28.7%） was lower （44.3%）, field capacity of other treatments after soil moving was 35 %-45 % ,the M and MNPK treatments had a higher value and it mean organic matter, fertilizer consolidated could improve the holding water. The moisture of soil was lower as following the soil depth increased from 0 to 60 cm before soil moving, and after soil moving it could merge with local soil.