MyoD基因在不同猪种中的分布及群体遗传结构分析

利用RFLP法检测了MyoD基因在10个中外猪种及部分杂交群体中的分布情况,分析了各群体内MyoD基因的遗传分布、遗传变异、群体杂合性等群体遗传信息,并进一步以各群体基因频率为基础,计算出群体间遗传距离和进化距离,根据进化距离对群体进行聚类,重建了系统发生树。结果表明:MyoD基因内含子1的DdeI酶切位点上不同基因型的分布在多数群体中都服从Hardy-Weinberg平衡,但在杜洛克和DLY群体中发生偏离。总体上讲,各试验群体的遗传多样性较丰富,群体遗传变异性较高,进化过程中受到自然选择压的作用,选择潜力较大。在系统发生树上,10个群体被分为4个分枝。分别是长白猪血缘、原始地方品种、杜洛克血缘和高原藏猪分枝。这一结果与各猪种的育种过程有较高的吻合性。说明部分功能基因的RFLP数据可用于近缘物种间的遗传分化研究。

The Genetic Distribution and Population Genetic Structure Analysis of MyoD Gene in Different Pig Breeds

RFLP technique was applied in this study to analyze the distribution of MyoD gene in 10 different pig breeds and pig breed crosses.The population genetic information about genetic distribution,variation,and heterozygosity of MyoD gene in different breed population was analyzed.Based on allele frequency,genetic distance and evolution distance among each breed populations were calculated and UPGMA phylogenetic tree was got based on the evolution distances between populations.The results indicated that the distribution of MyoD genotype keep in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in most testing groups but not in Duroc and DLY population.Generally speaking,the genetic diversity of MyoD gene was abundant and these testing breed groups with high genetic variation.The evolution of MyoD gene was under natural selection pressure.The 10 pig breeds were divided into 4 clusters.The first cluster was consisted of four breeds developed from Landrance,the second cluster was two Chinese indigenous pig breeds,the third cluster was three breeds developed from Duroc and the fourth cluster was Tibetan pig breed.The phylogenetic tree was consistent with breeding facts of each breed.From this experiment,we concluded that some RFLP data from functional gene could be used in the evolution research of some closely related species.