坡耕地暴雨结皮对作物生长发育影响的实验研究

采用盆栽和小区试验的方法,经3年试验发现,坡耕地土壤结皮对作物的出苗、生长、产量和生物量等均有不同程度的影响。小麦出苗率、苗高、最大苗高、产量和生物量分别降低了22.06％、4.60％、6.86％、1.16-9.84％和0.74-6.98％;结皮虽对玉米出苗影响不大,但延长了出苗期,使产量和生物量降低了5.66—9.17％和7.17—11.25％,而且随结皮厚度、强度和地表坡度的增加,其影响更为明显。因此,通过增加地面覆盖和雨后人工耕锄以消除结皮,增加产量和保持水土。

The Experimental Research About the Effect of Rain-storm Crust to Crops Growth and Development on the Sloping Farmland

The results showed that soil crust had different degrees effect on seed germination, growth, yield and biomass of crops by using experiments of potted cultivation and plots through 3 years on the sloping farmland. The percents of seeding rate, seeding height, highest seeding height, yield and biomass to wheat were decreased by 22. 06% , 4. 60% ,6. 86% ,11. 6% -9. 84% and 0. 74 - 6. 98% respectively. Soil crust retarded the seeding stage and the decreased percents of yield and biomass were 5. 66 - 9. 17% and 7. 17 - 11. 25% respectively though its effect on maize was not obvious. The effect was more obvious with the increasing of crust depth, crust hardness and slope degree. So, soil crust was eliminated, the yield was in creased and water and soil was conserved through increasing field covers and artificial ploughing and hoeing after rainfall.