河北省农村饮用水源水质健康危害的风险度评价

介绍了饮用水水源受到化学致癌物及非致癌性污染物所致的健康危害的风险度计算模型,并应用于河北省地下水水源的饮水途径健康风险评价,分别计算出了各类污染物的风险度。结果表明,地下水中化学致癌物所致的健康危害风险度大约为4.41×10-7～8.26×10-4a-1,30%以上超过国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）推荐的最大可接受限值5.0×10-5a-1,并远远大于非致癌物所致的风险度（在10-11～10-8a-1之间）,所以,化学致癌物是需要首先控制的污染物质;河北省的化学致癌物所致的健康危害的风险度由大到小顺序为Cr6＋〉As〉Cd,非致癌性污染物所致的风险度大小顺序为F-〉Hg〉Pb〉NO32-〉Mn〉NH3-H〉Fe;研究结果可直接确定河北省各市农村地下饮用水源水质的风险度水平、污染物的主次及治理的优先顺序,有助于河北省地下水资源水质的风险管理。

Water Quality Health-hazard Risk Assessment on Drinking Water Supply Sources in Hebei Province

Two mathematical models for groundwater quality health risk assessment were described to calculate risk values caused by chemical carcinogens and non-carcinogen pollutants by drinking water,and then those models were applied to analyze and assess the groundwater quality of supply sources in Hebei Province.The results showed that the health risk values caused by chemical carcinogens are 4.41×10-7~8.26×10-4a-1,higher than the standard recommended by ICRP,and far greater than that of those non-carcinogen contaminations whose values are from 10-11 to 10-8 a-1,therefore,the chemical carcinogens were needed to be the first control pollutants and should be removed accordingly;the ranking of risk values due to chemical carcinogen by drinking water is:Cr6+>As>Cd,and the ranking of risk values due to non-carcinogen pollutants by drinking water is:F->Hg>Pb>NO32->Mn>NH3-H > Fe;the results of this study can directly determine water source's risk degree of groundwater pollutants and treatment priorities for each city,and thus can contribute to water quality risk management in each city's groundwater resources in Hebei.