水稻病虫害绿色防控技术的防效评估

为组装形成一套切实可行的水稻病虫害绿色综合防控技术,于2011年在贵州省毕节市金沙县5个村寨的水稻上开展了频振式杀虫灯诱杀害虫、杂糯稻间栽防治稻瘟病、专业化统防统治等绿色防控技术的应用及防效评估试验。结果表明:综合配套使用绿色控害技术,水稻绿色控害区大田期主要病虫害总体防治效果达86.27%,较农民自防区病虫害总体防效(68.30%)提高17.97%;稻纵卷叶螟等主要虫害发生高峰期推迟,高峰期危害时间相对缩短;防治成本降低,水稻绿色控害区较农民自防区减少施药1.67次/hm2,减少农药量5 870.00g/hm2,减幅达83.86%,减少农药费215.50元/hm2,减少劳工800.00元/hm2,减少防治成本投入967.50元/hm2;增产效果明显,较完全不防治区和农民自防区分别挽回产量3 061.65kg/hm2和1 878.00kg/hm2,增产率分别为76.07%和36.06%。

Control Effect Assessment of the Green Prevention and Control Technology for Rice Diseases and Pests

To form a set of practical green prevention and control technology for rice diseases and pests,an evaluation test of the application and control effect of the green prevention and control technology was conducted in five villages in Jinsha County,Guizhou in 2011.The results showed that by using green prevention and control technology,the general control effect of main diseases and pests in the field period could be up to 86.27%,higher than that controlled by peasants themselves(68.30%) by 17.97%.The peak periods of main pests like Cnaphalocrocis medinalis were put off,so the harming time in peak period was relatively shortened and the control costs were reduced as well.Compared with being controlled by peasants themselves,the application of the green prevention and control technology could reduce the spraying times,spraying amount,pesticide cost,labor cost and the cost input by 1.67 times/hm2,5 870.00 g/hm2(83.86%),215.50 Yuan/hm2,800.00 Yuan/hm2 and 967.50 Yuan/hm2 respectively.The yield-increasing effect was significant,the rice yield was higher than the CK and the self-control area by 3 061.65 kg/hm2 and 1 878.00 kg/hm2 respectively.The increasing rates were 76.07% and 36.06% separately.