中国红树林恢复和发展研究进展

根据2014年11月在深圳福田国家级自然保护区裸滩、8年、9年、14年、16年和20年无瓣海桑 (Sonneratia apetala) 人工林以及天然白骨壤 (Avicennia marina)红树林生物调查数据，通过“裸滩-人工林-天然红树林”对照分析，对不同恢复阶段无瓣海桑人工林大型底栖动物生物性状分布模式、功能多样性和功能冗余以及与环境因素之间的关系进行研究。结果表明，裸滩、8至16年无瓣海桑人工林以及天然林和20年林龄人工林分别具不同的性状分布模式；其中栖息地结构越复杂和有机质含量越高，大型底栖动物中低迁移能力、较小个体和栖息方式为爬行/游泳型、幼虫为浮养幼虫以及食性为沉积食性和植食性的物种所占比例越大。
功能多样性总体上随栖息地结构复杂性和有机质含量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势；功能冗余则呈红树林样点远高于裸滩的趋势。总体而言，红树林栖息地结构复杂性的适量增加对大型底栖动物生态功能较为有益。

Mangrove forests: resilience,protection from tsunamis,and responses to global climate change

Based on the investigation data collected from mudflat, rehabilitated Sonneratia apetala mangroves at stand age of 8, 9, 14, 16 and 20 years and Avicennia marina natural mangrove forest of Futian National Nature Reserve in Shenzhen, we studied the ecological functions of macrobenthic community at different stand age by analyzing biological trait patterns, functional diversity and functional redundancy. Results show that the mudflat, 8-, 9-, 14- and 16-year-old stand rehabilitated S.apetala mangroves, and 20-year-old stand natural mangrove forest had different trait patterns. The more complex the structure of the habitat and the higher the content of organic matter were, the more species with lower mobility, smaller body size, surface crawler/swimmer, planktotrophic, deposit-feeder and herbivore were observed.
Generally, the functional diversity increased at first then decreased with increasing habitat structure and sediment organic matter content. The functional redundancy was generally high in the mangrove. To sum up, moderate increase in habitat structure of mangrove is more beneficial to the ecological functions of macrobenthic community.